江苏产菊花挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

目的: 分析江苏地产2种杭菊花栽培类型(红心大白菊、黄菊)挥发油的化学成分,为其质量评价提供科学依据。方法: 采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取红心大白菊和黄菊挥发油,用GC毛细管色谱柱进行分析,归一化法测定其相对含量,GC-MS法鉴定化学成分并进行比较。结果: 从红心大白菊、黄菊挥发油中分别检出217,167个色谱峰,分别鉴定出73,64个化合物,分别占挥发油总量的67.36%,62.75%。2种杭菊花栽培类型挥发油中共有成分为2-蒈烯、顺式罗勒烯、松油烯、樟脑、冰片、反式石竹烯、姜烯、金合欢烯、石竹烯氧化物和桧脑;其中桧脑含量最高,分别占挥发油总量的12.64%,10.87%,为2种栽培类型杭菊花挥发油中最具特征的成分;其次是反式石竹烯,分别占挥发油总量的6.45%,4.38%。结论: 杭菊花栽培类型不同,挥发油中化学成分在数量上和在种类上都有明显区别,结果为江苏地产杭菊花栽培类型的确立提供了化学方面的佐证,亦为其质量评价提供了物质基础。

Characterization of Chemical Components of Essential Oil from Chrysanthemum morifolium Cultivated in Jangsu Province

Objective: To analyze the chemical components of the essential oil extracted from two cultivars of Chrysanthemum morifolium (C. morifolium Ramat "Hongxinju" cv. nov. and C. morifolium Ramat "Huangju" cv nov.) cultivated in Jangsu province and provide scientific basis for their quality control. Method: The essential oil of the two cultivars of C. morifolium were extracted by water steam distillation and separated by GC capillary column chromatography. The components were quantitatively determined with normalization method, and identified by GC-MS. Result: From the C. morifolium Ramat "Hongxinju" cv. nov. and C. morifolium Ramat "Huangju" cv nov., 217 and 167chromatographic peaks were detected, among them 73 and 64 components were identified, which were composed of 67.36% and 62.75% of the total essential oil,respectively. Conclusion: 2-carene, cis-ocimene, gamma.-terpinene, camphor, borneoll, trans (. beta.)-caryophyllene, zingiberene, farnesene, caryophyllene oxide and junipercamphor were identified in the essential oil of the two cultivars C. morifolium Ramat "Hongxinju" cv. nov. and C. morifolium Ramat "Huangju" cv nov.. Among them, the amounts of junipercamphor were the most which were composed of 12.64% and 10.87% of the total essential oil, respectively. Trans (. beta.)-caryophyllene is the second, which were composed of 6.45%and 4.38% of the total essential oil,respectively. There are marked differences in the compounds between the two samples. The results provide scientific basis for quality control of Chrysanthemum morifolium which are cultivated in Jangsu province.