青春期前女童外阴阴道炎4214例临床分析

目的 分析青春期前女童外阴阴道炎年龄分布、就诊原因、高危因素及病因种类分布特征.方法 回顾性分析总结2010年1月至2013年6月在中山市博爱医院女童专科门诊诊断外阴阴道炎并已建立专科档案的4 214例青春期前患儿临床资料,所有临床资料来自于所建专科病历档案.结果 （1）发病与年龄的关系：0 ～1岁1 587例（37.7％）,＞1 ～3岁954例（22.6％）,＞3 ～7岁1 289例（30.6％）,＞7岁384例（9.1％）;（2）不良因素与患病的关系：不良卫生习惯2 924例（69.4％）,过敏史和最近过敏原接触史875例（20.8％）;（3）有、无症状患儿与发生情况：体检发现女童外阴阴道炎无症状者919例（21.8％）;有症状者3 295例（78.2％）：阴道分泌物812例（19.3％）,外阴发红725例（17.2％）,瘙痒636例（15.1％）,尿频/尿急/尿痛532例（12.6％）,外阴疼痛240例（5.7％）,外阴异味198例（4.7％）,排尿困难152例（3.6％）;（4）疾病或病因分类与年龄的关系：非特异性外阴阴道炎1 771例（42.0％）,阴唇粘连1 309例（31.1％）,细菌性外阴阴道炎375例（8.9％）,过敏性外阴阴道炎266例（6.3％）,情感性交叉擦腿动作266例（6.3％）.结论 儿童不良卫生习惯、过敏及不良排尿习惯等是外阴阴道炎的主要相关因素,好发于婴幼儿期和学龄前期;而过敏及情感性交叉擦腿动作是反复发生和引起非特异性外阴阴道炎及阴唇粘连的主要病因.重视女童生殖器卫生,防治各类外阴阴道炎,可减少女童青春期前外阴阴道炎的发生.

Clinical analysis of 4 214 prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis

Objective To explore the distribution of age,reasons for treatment,risk factors,and causes of vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls.Methods A total of 4 214 prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis who were admitted to the Girl＇s Sub-department,Zhongshan Boai Hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 was reviewed retrospectively.All clinical data were from medical records with files.Results Atotalof1 587 patients （37.7%） was0to1 years old,954 （22.6%） 〉 1 to3 years old,1 289 （30.6%） 〉 3 to 7 years old,and 384 （9.1%） 〉 7 years old.Many risk factors were associated with vaginitis,including poor hygiene （2 924 girls; 69.4%）,allergies and exposure to allergens （875 girls; 20.8%）.Most common reason for treatment was a referral from physical examination accounting for 919 girls （21.8%）,followed by vaginal secretions 812 girls （19.3%）.The causes of vulvovaginitis of all patients were evaluated,1 771 of which （42.0%） were nonspecific vulvovaginitis,1 309 （31.1%） labial adhesions,375 （8.9%） bacterial vulvovaginitis,266 （6.3%） allergic vulvovaginitis,and 266 （6.3%） affective leg rubbing action.Conclusions Prepubertal vulvovaginitis occurred mainly in infancy and preschool.Floating population was common.They were caused by many risk factors including poor hygiene,allergies,poor urination habits,etc.The most common causes of vulvovaginitis were nonspecific vulvovaginitis and labia adhesion,yet allergies and affective leg rubbing action were the more common causes of recurrent vulvovaginitis.We propose that focusing on girls＇ reproductive health,timely treating allergic and crossing rub legs and other diseases would help reduce the prevalence of vulvovaginitis in the prepubertal girls.