硫酸、氢氧化钠、黄磷等化学物质烧伤对免疫功能的影响

目的：研究化学物质烧伤对机体免疫功能的影响。方法：设计4组兔烧伤动物模型，分别为沸水烫伤，硫酸（H2SO4）烧伤，氢氧化钠（NaOH0）烧伤，黄磷烧伤。检测代表细胞免疫的T淋巴细胞亚群，体液免疫的免疫球蛋白（IgC、IgA、IgM）；对组内不同时段和组间相同时段烧伤引起的免疫功能变化进行比较。结果L4组烧伤动物模型的免疫功能均发生紊乱。CD^3 、CD4^ T淋巴细胞阳性率下降，CD8^ 淋巴细胞升高；免疫球蛋白表达受卵；且氢氧化钠和黄磷烧伤与水烫伤比较差别显（P＜0．01）。结论：化学烧伤引起的机体免疫功能紊乱比普通烧伤明显，且以黄磷烧伤较其它烧伤更为严重，为化学烧伤在免疫抗感染方面的临床救治提供了一定依据。

The Effect of Chemical Burn Caused by Sulfuric Acid, Caustic Soda and Yellow Phosphorus on the Immunologic Function

Objective:To investigate the effect of chemical burn on immunololgic function of the organism.Methods:24 rabbits were divided into 4 groups,animals in the the 1 st group were scalded by boiling water and those in the 2 nd ,3 rd and 4 th groups were burned by sulfuric acid,sodium hydroxide and yellow phosphorus respectively. T lymphocyte subgroup and immuno globulins (IgG,IgA,IgM) were detcted at different intervals. The results were compared. In the same group, data obtained at different time intervals were compared and between groups, data obtained at the same time interval were compared.Results:All the animals in the 4 groups had immunologic function disturbance. The positive rate of CD3 +,CD4 + T lymphocytes lowered and CD8 + T lymphocyte positive rate raised. The expression of immuno globulin was inhibited. The difference between yellow phosphorus burn and boiling water scald groups was very significant (P<0 01).Conclusion:Chemical burn can markedly affect immunologic function of the organism and cause immunologic function disturbance. The effect of yellow phosphotrus burn is more serious than other chemical burns.