Chronic disease self-management program: 2-year health status and health care utilization outcomes

OBJECTIVES: To assess the 1- and 2-year health status, health care utilization and self-efficacy outcomes for the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP). The major hypothesis is that during the 2-year period CDSMP participants will experience improvements or less deterioration than expected in health status and reductions in health care utilization. DESIGN: Longitudinal design as follow-up to a randomized trial. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Eight hundred thirty-one participants 40 years and older with heart disease, lung disease, stroke, or arthritis participated in the CDSMP. At 1- and 2-year intervals respectively 82% and 76% of eligible participants completed data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Health status (self-rated health, disability, social/role activities limitations, energy/fatigue, and health distress), health care utilization (ER/outpatient visits, times hospitalized, and days in hospital), and perceived self-efficacy were measured. MAIN RESULTS: Compared with baseline for each of the 2 years, ER/outpatient visits and health distress were reduced (P <0.05). Self-efficacy improved (P <0.05). The rate of increase is that which is expected in 1 year. There were no other significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: A low-cost program for promoting health self-management can improve elements of health status while reducing health care costs in populations with diverse chronic diseases.