Association of V89L SRD5A2 polymorphism with prostate cancer development in a Japanese population

PURPOSE: The SRD5A2 gene codes the steroid 5-reductase type II, a critical mediator of androgen action, and the V89L and A49T polymorphisms of this gene may be associated with a distinct enzyme activity. We explored the association among these polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a Japanese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 302 patients with prostate cancer, 228 with BPH and 243 male controls. V89L and A49T polymorphisms were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Genotypes were evaluated by electrophoresis on agarose gel. RESULTS: For the V89L polymorphism there were no significant differences in genotype frequencies in patients with prostate cancer and controls (p = 0.071) or in patients with BPH and male controls (p = 0.219). However, males with the VV or VL genotype were at significantly increased risk for prostate cancer compared with those with the LL genotype (adjusted OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.65, p = 0.024). The risk of BPH in males with the VV or VL genotype was not significantly elevated in comparison with those with the LL genotype (adjusted OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.85 to 2.20, p = 0.194). The V89L variant was not associated with the grade or stage of prostate cancer, or with patient age. For the A49T polymorphism all subjects had the AA genotype. CONCLUSIONS: The V allele of the V89L polymorphism in the SRD5A2 gene may dominantly increase the risk of prostate cancer.