大块脱钙异体骨关节移植修复兔节段性骨关节缺损

目的：探讨脱钙异体骨关节移植修复节段性骨关节缺损的作用．方法：在兔桡骨近段造成２０ｍｍ长骨关节缺损，分别移植脱钙异体骨关节和自体骨关节及不移植，通过Ｘ线照片、生物力学试验和组织学检查作对照观察．结果：脱钙异体骨关节移植后通过新生骨和软组织爬行替代生成新的骨关节，具有正常骨关节形态特征，抗扭转强度接近正常；自体骨关节移植后的愈合过程与骨折愈合过程基本相似；不移植组至术后２４周仍未见新的骨关节形成．结论：脱钙异体骨关节具有低抗原性、高骨诱导能力和诱导关节软骨再生的特点，可作为临床修复节段性骨关节缺损的移植材料．

Massive Demineralized Osteoarticular Allograft Transplantation in Repair of Segmental Osteoarticular Defects in Rabbits

Aim: To investigate the effect of massive demineralized osteoarticular allograft transplantation in repair of segmental osteoarticular defects. Methods: A twenty millimeter osteoarticular defect with the periosteum was created in the proximal part of radius in New Zealand white rabbits. The defects were transplanted with demineralized osteoarticular allograft and osteoarticular autograft, and ungrafted, respectively. The healing of defects were then assessed by serial radiographic and histologic studies, and biomechanical tests 2 to 24 weeks after surgery. Results: The creeping appositional newly formed bone and cartilage slowly invaded and replaced the osteoarticular allograft after demineralized osteoarticular allograft transplant. The regenerated bone and cartilage more closely resembled normal bone and cartilaege, and its machanical properties were comparable to normal bone. The healing process of the osteoarticular autograft was basically similar to that of fracture. No newly formed bone and cartilage were seen in the ungrafted group 24 weeks after surgery. Conclusion: The demineralized osteoarticular allograft has low antigenicity and highly bone inducing properties, and is able to induce the host to regenerate articular cartilage. It may be an ideal material available for clinical use in reconstruction of segmental osteoarticular defect.