1376例小儿意外损伤病例临床分析

目的总结儿童意外损伤特点及危险因素,为制定儿童损伤控制策略提供依据。方法对2005年1月1日至2006年12月31日我院内科、外科、耳鼻喉科及眼科等收住小儿意外损伤病例的损伤类型、年龄分布及相关危险因素进行分析。意外损伤按国际疾病分类标准ICD-10进行分类。结果在1376例小儿意外损伤中,主要损伤类型为外伤（72.67%）,好发季节为夏季（35.6%）,好发场所为运动娱乐场所（21.8%）、家中（15.3%）,0-3岁为多发病年龄,其中气道异物和烫伤受年龄影响最明显,该类型损伤分别有88.29%和78.5%发生在0-3岁。结论意外损伤严重威胁小儿健康与生命,它的发生受环境、季节、年龄等因素影响,不同损伤类型有各自的特点。加强安全意识,采取相应措施,多数意外损伤可以预防。

Clinical Analysis of 1376 children with accidental injury

Objective To analysis the characteristics and the risk factors of accidental injury in children. Methods The injury type, distribution of age and associated risk factors in 1376 children with accidental injury were analyzed. These patient were admitted to our hospital (departments of internal medicine, surgery, otorhinolaryngology and ophthalmology) from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2006. Accidental injury were diagnosed according to International Classification Disease 10. Results Trauma is the major type of children accidental injury(72.67%). Most of the accidental injury happened in summer(35.6%). The location where it were prone to happen were playground(21.8%)and home(15.3%). Most of the children were aged from 0 to 3 years old. Airway foreign bodies and burns were markedly under the influence of age. Conclusions Accidental injury is a severe threatens to children's health. Risk factors include environment, season and age. Different accidental injury had its own characteristic. Most accidental injury could be prevented by increasing the awareness of safety and taking corresponding measure.