洛浦县小学新生查验预防接种证(卡)情况分析

目的了解洛浦县维吾尔族聚居地小学新生预防接种状况。方法采用横断面调查方法对6所小学346名2003年入学新生的预防接种记录进行了调查。结果有预防接种证的62人,占17.92%;无预防接种证但在当地接种点查找到预防接种记录的136人,占39.31%;即有预防接种记录的共198人,占57.23%。新生的平均卡痕率69.36%,1岁内完成卡介苗(BCG)、口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗3次(OPV3)、百白破联合疫苗3次(DPT3)、麻疹疫苗(MV)、乙型肝炎疫苗3次(HepB3)的接种率分别是55.20%、53.76%、52.89%、54.05%、6.36%。7岁内完成OPV4次、DPT4次、MV2次的接种率分别为38.15%、43.93%、23.70%,当地未接种白破联合疫苗。农村小学新生预防接种记录率、1岁内BCG、OPV3、DPT3、MV的接种率明显高于城镇;城镇小学新生预防接种证持有率、卡痕率、BepB3的接种率明显高于农村。7岁内农村小学新生的OPV4次、DPT4次、MV2次的接种率明显高于城镇。汉族与维吾尔族小学新生的预防接种证持有率差异无显著的统计学意义,但维吾尔族新生预防接种记录明显高于汉族。除卡痕率、1岁内HepB3的接种率汉族小学新生高于维吾尔族外,其余疫苗接种率均低于维吾尔族。结论应加大免疫规划管理力度,实施入学查验预防接种证,提高边远贫困地区儿童接种率,有效减少传染病的爆发。

Analysis on Prophylatic Inoculation of New Primary School Students in 2003 in Luopu County

Objective To know the prophylatic inoculation of elementary school new students.Methods Prophylatic inoculation records of 346 children from 6 primary schools in Luopu County,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were involved in the study.Results The results show that 198 children have inoculation records,but only 62 children have the vaccination certificates,occupied 17.92%.The vaccination rates of BCG,OPV(3 times),DPT(3 times),MV HepB(3 times) completed within one year old were 55.20%,53.76%,52.89%,54.05%,6.36%,respectively.The vaccination rates of OPV(4 times),DPT(4 times),MV(2 times) completed within seven years old were 38.15%,43.93%,23.70%,respectively.The vaccination rates of BCG,OPV,DPT,MV were significantly higher,as well as the rates of vaccination certificates,card mark and Hep B inoculation were lower in countryside children than in city children within 1 year old.The vaccination rates of OPV 4 times,DPT 4 times,MV 2 times completed within 7 years old were obviously higher in countryside children than in city children.There are no differences between Han nationality and Uygur national minority in the rate of vaccination certificates.Conclusion We suggest that immunization program management should be strengthened,the inspection system of prophylatic inoculationcard in primary schools should be established.