356株尿路感染病原菌分布及耐药性监测

目的调查普宁地区尿路感染病原菌的分布及耐药现状，为临床合理使用抗菌药物、有效控制感染提供依据。方法对2004年3月至2008年2月356株尿路感染病原菌进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果356株病原菌中大肠埃希菌居首位，占61．2％；肺炎克雷伯菌居第2位，占12．9％；凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌居第3位，占11．3％。革兰阴性病原菌除对亚胺培南、丁胺卡那霉素敏感外，对其他多种常用抗菌药物均呈不同程度的耐药，且大部分耐药率超过50．0％。结论尿路感染病原菌耐药性呈上升趋势，临床应高度重视。

Distribution and resistance monitoring of 356 strains of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance status of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection in Puning district, so as to provide reference for clinical drug administration rationally. Methods Totally 258 isolates collected from urinary infection specimens from March 2004 to February 2008 were identified and then the drug susceptibility test was performed. Results The first three species in order were Escherichia coli （61.20%）, Klebsiella pneumonia （12.9 % ）, and coagulase-negative Staphyloecus （11.3 %）. The strains of gramegative bacteria were susceptible to imipenem and amikacin, but resistant to the other common antibiotics. The resistance rate to other antibiotics was above 50%. Conclusion The drug resistance rate of isolates collected from urinary infection specimens displays an increasing tendency, which should be paid more attention by the clinicians.