武汉市2013-2015年物质滥用住院患者流行病学分布特征分析

目的 了解武汉市物质滥用的人群分布和疾病分布,为预防物质滥用提供依据.方法 采用回顾性调查的方法,以武汉市精神卫生中心2013年3月-2015年11月物质滥用住院患者为研究对象.结果 ①人群分布特征:共调查物质滥用住院患者956例,其中男女比例为5.9:1,平均年龄33.88岁.②疾病类型分布:80.0%的患者滥用甲基苯丙胺,25.5%的患者滥用氯胺酮;51.5%的患者被诊断为精神活性物质所致精神障碍,兴奋剂所致精神障碍(36.5%),酒精所致精神障碍(12.0%);不同性别的疾病分布,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).③住院情况分布:平均住院次数为1.66次,平均住院费用为12 677.2元,3种物质滥用疾病患者的住院费用,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001).结论 武汉地区的物质滥用人群主要是中青年男性,物质滥用的种类以新型化学合成毒品为主;2013-2015年间,精神活性物质所致精神障碍疾病逐年增加,兴奋剂所致精神障碍疾病逐年减少.

Clinic Epidemiological Characteristics of the Inpatients with Substance Abuse in Wuhan from 2013-2015

Objectvies To provide the evidence for prevention of substance abuse by analyzing population distribution and the disease distribution in Wuhan.Methods A retrospectvie survey was conducted among the patients of substance abuse in Wuhan mental health center from March 2013 to November 2015.Results 1.Population distribution:Totally,956 substance abuse patients were involved and the male-female proportion was 5.9:1.The average age was 33.88 years old.2.The distribution of disease type:80.0% of patients used methylamphetamine and 25.5% of patients used ketamine.There were 51.5% of patients who were diagnosed with mental disorder by psychoactvie substances,mental disorder by doping(36.5%),and mental disorder by alcohol(12.0%).There were statistical significance in the difference of disease distribution in different gender(P<0.001).3.The distribution of hospitalization situation:The average time of hospitalization was 1.66,and the average hospitalization expense was 12 677.2 yuan.There was statistical significance in the difference of hospitalization expenses among three diseases(P<0.001).Conclusions The substance abusers in Wuhan area were mainly young and middle-aged men and the synthesis drugs occupied a major position in substance abuse.From 2013 to 2015,the mental disorder by psychoactvie substances increased quickly.