足细胞抗原在人类膜性肾病治疗中的研究进展

膜性肾病(membranous nephropathy,MN)是一种器官特异性自身免疫病,发病机制是自身抗体结合足细胞靶抗原后激活补体导致肾小球滤过屏障损伤和蛋白尿.近年研究已发现中性肽链内切酶、M型磷脂酶A2受体(phospholipase A2 receptor,PLA2R)、醛糖还原酶、超氧化物歧化酶2、α烯醇化酶、1型血小板反应蛋白7A域等足细胞靶抗原.抗PLA2R抗体和肾组织PLA2R抗原是诊断和治疗MN的新兴生物标志物.

Research progression of podocyte antigens in the treatment of human membranous nephropathy

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. The pathogenic mechanism of MN is circulating autoantibodies bind to podocyte target antigens and the initiation of complement activation causing glomerular damage and urinary protein loss. In recent years, several podocyte antigens have been identified including neutral endopeptidase, phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), aldosere ductase, superoxide dismutase,α-enolase, thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A. The measurement of anti-PLA2R antibodies in serum and detection of PLA2R antigen in kidney biopsy specimen have high specificity and sensitivity for the diagnosis of IMN.