基于保护动机理论的健康教育在乳腺癌术后功能锻炼中的应用

目的:探讨基于保护动机理论(protection motivation theory,PMT)的健康教育对乳腺癌患者术后患肢功能锻炼依从性、患肢肩关节功能及自我效能的影响.方法:采用方便抽样,选择入我科治疗的96例乳腺癌根治术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组,各48例.对照组在患者术后给予常规健康教育,实验组在对照组的基础上实施基于PMT的健康教育.在患者出院3个月后,观察两组功能锻炼依从性、患肢肩关节功能恢复程度以及患者自我效能.结果:实验组功能锻炼依从率为97.87％,高于对照组(84.78％);实验组肩关节完全恢复率为95.74％,高于对照组(82.61％);实验组自我管理效能总分以及正性态度、自我决策、自我减压3个维度得分均高于对照组,上述指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:基于PMT的健康教育可提高乳腺癌患者功能锻炼依从性,促进患者肩关节功能恢复,提高患者自我效能,可在临床中进行推广应用.

Application of health education based on protection motivation theory in postoperative functional exercise of breast cancer

Objective:To discuss the effect of health education based on protection motivation theory in three aspects of postoperative breast cancer patients,including adherence of limb functional exercise,function of limb shoulder joint and self-efficacy.Methods:We selected 96 cases of radical mastectomy patients treated in our department for the study by using convenience sampling.The patients were divided into two groups with random number table method,including an observation group and a control group,with 48 patients in each group.Postoperative patients in the control group received routine health education,while postoperative patients in the observation group received health education based on protection motivation theory on the basis of the control group.Observed the limb functional exercise compliance,the limb shoulder joint function and the self-efficacy of patients in two groups,3 months after discharged from hospital.Results:Three months after discharged from hospital,the exercise adherence rates in the observation group was 97.87％,which was significantly higher than that in the control group (84.78％);the shoulder joint complete recovery rate in the observation group was 95.74％,which was significantly higher than that in the control group (82.61％);the total score of self-efficacy,the score of positive attitude,self-determination,and self-decompression were all higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Health education based on protection motivation theory can improve the functional exercise adherence,limb shoulder joint function and the self-efficacy of breast cancer patients.It is worthy of promotion use.