恶性黑素瘤的免疫治疗研究进展

恶性黑素瘤是一种恶性度高、转移早、进展快、预后差及死亡率高等特点的皮肤肿瘤,对传统治疗方法如放疗和化疗均不敏感且疗效差,目前缺少较为有效的治疗方案.恶性黑素瘤为免疫源性较高的肿瘤,因此,恶性黑素瘤的免疫治疗研究已成为其个体化综合治疗的重要组成部分及研究热点.肿瘤免疫治疗是刺激人体自身免疫系统来抵抗癌症的治疗方法,具有特异性强、疗效持久和不良反应小等优点.目前通过免疫调节性单克隆抗体治疗、细胞因子治疗、疫苗治疗和过继性T细胞治疗等多种治疗方式单独或联合应用于恶性黑素瘤的治疗,显著改善了恶性黑素瘤患者的预后,为研发恶性黑素瘤新治疗方案提供了思路.

Immunotherapy for malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma (MM) is a kind of highly malignant skin neoplasm characterized by early metastasis,rapid progression,poor prognosis and high mortality.It is insensitive to conventional therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Effective therapeutic approaches are unavailable currently.MM shows high immunogenicity,thus immunotherapy for MM has become an important part of individualized comprehensive treatment and a research hotspot.Immunotherapy can stimulate the body's immune system against cancer,and has advantages of strong specificity,lasting effects and less side effects.At present,various types of immunotherapy,such as immunoregulatory monoclonal antibody therapy,cytokine therapy,vaccine and adoptive T-cell immunotherapy,have been applied alone or in combination for the treatment of MM.They have significantly improved the prognosis of patients with MM and provided ideas for development of new therapies of MM.