甲状腺自身免疫致不孕流产的机制

母体甲状腺自身免疫与不孕、流产、早产及新生儿智力发育障碍密切相关,是导致育龄期妇女甲状腺功能障碍的主要原因.甲状腺自身免疫导致女性不孕与流产的机制,包括T细胞异常、自然杀伤细胞高度活化、多克隆B细胞激活、维生素D缺乏以及甲状腺自身抗体与甲状腺外位点交叉反应学说等.存在甲状腺自身免疫的妇女,不论是否存在甲状腺功能障碍,给予左甲状腺素或硒制剂治疗都可能会改善妊娠结局.因此,筛查和治疗甲状腺自身免疫的育龄女性会优化生殖、生育.

Mechanisms of infertility and miscarriage caused by thyroid autoimmunity

There exsits a significant association between maternal thyroid autoimmunity, infertility,miscarriage and poor neurodevelopment in the offspring.Thyroid autoimmunity is the leading cause of thyroid dysfunction in women of reproductive age.The pathogenesis that underlies infertility and miscarriage caused by thyroid autoimmunity includes T cell abnormality, hyperactivity of natural killer cells, polyclonal B cell activation, vitamin D deficiency, cross reactivity of thyroid auto-antibodies with extrathyroid sites and so on.Thyroxine supplementation or selenium treatment may influence the pregnant outcomes of auto-antibodies positive women whenever accompanied with thyroid dysfunction.Thus, it is necessary to identify and treat the women with thyroid autoimmunity in order to improve the reproductive outcomes.