儿童急性白血病的环境危险因素

目的：探讨环境因素对儿童白血病的影响，了解儿童白血病的可能危险因素。方法：采用病例-对照研究的方法，在Fox Pro 6．0中建立数据库，运用SPSS10．0进行统计分析处理。结果：单因素分析结果显示，家族遗传病史、X射线照射史、近1年内感冒史、出生时的胎次(第1胎与第2胎及以上)、鱼肝油服用史、居室装修史、居室与高压电线的距离均与儿童白血病有关。多元非条件Logistic：回归分析表明，除鱼肝油服用史(比值比OR=0．3，95％的可信区间CI=0．2～0．7)外，家族遗传病史(OR=4．4，95％CI=1．2～16．5)、X线照射史(OR=3．2，95％ CI=1．6～6．1)、近1年内感冒史(OR=2．6，95％ CI=1．2～5．5)和居室装修史(OR=2．0，95％ CI=1．0～3．9)是儿童白血病的重要危险因素。其中，居室装修史与儿童白血病之间的关系是首次报道，而服用鱼肝油具有保护作用。结论：家族遗传病史、X射线照射史、近1年内感冒史和居室装修史是儿童白血病的重要危险因素。

Effect of Environment Hazards on Childhood Leukemia

Objective To explore environment hazards of childhood leukemia and to determine hazardous suspects on childhood leukemia.Methods A case-control study of 100 cases and 96 control children was conducted in two hospitals in shanghai from Nov.2001 to Oct.2002.All the cases were diagnosed by myeloid biopsy and treated in the hospitals.The controls were randomly selected by the admission numbers from other children who hospitalized there during the same period,excluding those children who were diagnosed as blood system diseases or other tumors.Results The data showed that hazards for both the total leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) were significantly associated with familial genetic disorders(OR=6.3), diagnostic x-ray exposure(OR=3.4), history of catching cold during past one year(OR=2.1), the born order(OR=2.0), home house decoration(OR=2.1), cod-liver oil(OR=0.4).The nearest distance to the high voltage electricity was significantly associated with childhood leukemia(OR=2.9).In the unconditional Logistic regression model,the histroy of familial genetic diseases(OR=4.4), diagnostic x-ray exposure(OR=3.2), the history of catching cold during past one year(OR=2.6)and the house decoration(OR=2.0)were important hazardous factors of the childhood leukemia,except the cod-liver oil(OR=0.3).Among the above-mentioned hazards,association between the house decoration and the childhood leukemia was the first reported in this study.Conclusions The familial genetic factors,diagnostic x-ray exposure,the flu history during past one year and the house decoration may be the hazardous factors for childhood leukemia.