紧张易感性与职业紧张关系的探讨

[目的]探讨紧张易感性与职业紧张因素、紧张反应和有关个性特征因素之间的关系。[方法]使用多个职业紧张因素、紧张反应和个性特征量表对某铁路货运编组站93名男性调度员进行测试。对资料采用多元逐步回归分析、方差分析和相关分析。[结果]相关分析表明紧张易感性与某些紧张因素、紧张反应和个性特征因素间相关系数具有显著意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。方差分析结果显示不同紧张易感性评分组间工作困难、心理卫生、抑郁症、焦虑状态、睡眠障碍、心身抱怨、每日紧张感评分、焦虑特性、生活态度、自尊感、工作心理控制源评分和收缩压、舒张压水平差异具有显著性 (P<0.05或P<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果显示紧张易感性分别进入了抑郁症、焦虑和每日紧张感的预测方程 ,且对方程总变异的解释均在25 %以上。[结论]提示紧张易感性对紧张因素和紧张反应存在着显著影响 ,高紧张易感性的个体对职业紧张因素的负性主观评价更多 ,其紧张反应更强烈、更多。

The Relationship between Vulnerability to Stress and Occupational Stressors

To explore the relationship between vulnerability to stress and occupational stressors,strains or other personalities. The subjects were 93 male freight train shunting conductors. The job stressors,personalities and job strains were measured by using questionnaires,and the blood pressure was measured. Correlation analysis revealed that vulnerability to stress was significantly related to some job stressors,strains and other personalities (P<0.05 or P<0.01). ANOVA showed that there were significant differences of the job difficulty,mental health,depression state_anxiety,sleep disorder,physical complaints,daily life stress,trait_anxiety,attitude to living,self_esteem,work locus of control scores,and systolic and diastolic pressure level among the groups with the different vulnerability to stress (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In stepwise regression analysis,vulnerability to stress was the predictor of depression,anxiety and daily life stress equation (all R2>0.25). [Conclusion] The vulnerability to stress may be related to job stressors,strains and other personalities.