小儿呼吸道异物391例临床分析

目的 :研究小儿呼吸道异物的诊断、治疗方法的选择。方法 :通过对我院近 8年来 3 91例呼吸道异物患儿 ,采用回顾性分析的方法进行综合分析。结果 :5岁以下婴幼儿发病率为 90 5 4% ,男孩较女孩多 ,约为 1 6∶1,从发病到作出正确诊断 2d以内者 118例 ,占 3 0 17% ,2d以上者占 69 82 %。从性质上看 ,植物性异物 3 3 0例 ,占84 4% ,以花生、西瓜子等为主 ,动物性异物 3 8例 ,占 9 72 % ,矿物性异物 2 3例 ,占 5 88%。无麻直达喉镜下取出异物 2 70例 ,占 69 1% ,全麻气管镜下取出异物共 99例 ,占 2 2 76% ,先经无麻直达喉镜下试取不成功再经全麻下取出异物 12例 ,自然咳出 4例 ,开胸取出 2例 ,死亡 3例。结论 :明确的异物吸入史、典型的症状和体征是及时确诊的主要依据 ,X线检查为辅助依据。患儿身体条件好 ,异物活动时 ,首选无麻直达喉镜下异物取出术 ;特殊种类异物时 ,宜选择全麻气管镜下异物取出术

Clinical analysis of 391 cases children foreign bodies in treacheobronchus

Objective: To study the diagnosis of children foreign bodies in treacheobronchus and its selection of treatment.Methods: To analysis those cases'age,gender,diagnosing time,the nature of the foreign bodies,the factors of influencing diagnosis and treatment methods.Results: The rate of forgin body was 90.54% under five years,males outnumber females 1.6∶1 91.86% foreign bodies was taken out by rigid bronchoscope,the rest removed by other ways.Conclusion: Diagnoses depend on history symptoms signs,chest X ray was an aid way.the first way of removing foreign bodies was by bronchoscope