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Surface sampling methods for Bacillus anthracis spore contamination
Authors:Sanderson Wayne T  Hein Misty J  Taylor Lauralynn  Curwin Brian D  Kinnes Gregory M  Seitz Teresa A  Popovic Tanja  Holmes Harvey T  Kellum Molly E  McAllister Sigrid K  Whaley David N  Tupin Edward A  Walker Timothy  Freed Jennifer A  Small Dorothy S  Klusaritz Brian  Bridges John H
Affiliation:Centers for Desease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. wayne-sanderson@uiowa.edu
Abstract:During an investigation conducted December 17-20, 2001, we collected environmental samples from a U.S. postal facility in Washington, D.C., known to be extensively contaminated with Bacillus anthracis spores. Because methods for collecting and analyzing B. anthracis spores have not yet been validated, our objective was to compare the relative effectiveness of sampling methods used for collecting spores from contaminated surfaces. Comparison of wipe, wet and dry swab, and HEPA vacuum sock samples on nonporous surfaces indicated good agreement between results with HEPA vacuum and wipe samples. However, results from HEPA vacuum sock and wipe samples agreed poorly with the swab samples. Dry swabs failed to detect spores >75% of the time when they were detected by wipe and HEPA vacuum samples. Wipe samples collected after HEPA vacuum samples and HEPA vacuum samples collected after wipe samples indicated that neither method completely removed spores from the sampled surfaces.
Keywords:Bacillus anthracis   anthrax   bacterial spores   surface sampling   HEPA vacuum sock   swabs   wipes   postal facility   bioterrorism
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