猪心的应用解剖研究

目的：对金华猪的心脏进行观测，为转基因猪心的人体移植提供形态学基础。方法：采用60例新鲜猪心（宰杀4h内），其中50例用游标卡尺直接测量心脏诸结构管径和厚度并进行统计；5例经冠状动脉作钡剂造影、X光摄片，结合实体解剖了解冠状动脉的分支、走行；另5例作ABS冠状动脉铸型。结果：金华猪心脏与人类的心脏有诸多相似，但也有如下差别：①前、后室间沟均偏向右侧，故前面观可见左心室大部，在膈面可见右心室大部；②左、右心耳与心房相比，相对较大；左心室壁厚度最大（24mm）；③左、右冠状动脉均发出旋支；④猪心的后腔静脉直径（20mm）小于人心的下腔静脉直径（34mm）；⑤猪心的肺动脉干直径（24mm）小于人心的肺动脉干直径（38．8mm）。结论：金华猪心与人类心脏极为相似，转基因猪心的人体移植具有解剖学基础。

The Applied Anatomy of Porcine Heart

Objective:To study the anatomical structures of Jinhua porcine heart for its potential clinical application. Method: The anatomical features of 60 porcine hearts were examined in comparison with the human heart. Result: Jinhua porcine heart and the human heart had many similarities in size and morphology. However,the following structural differences were observed compared with the human heart: 1. The sulcus interventricularis anterior deviated to right side and the greater part of the left ventricle was seen in anterior aspect. 2.The sulcus interventricularis posterior also deviated to right side with the result that the greater part Of the rightventricle was observed in diaphragmatic aspect. 3. Compared with the atrium,the right and left auricles were relatively larger. The walls of the left ventricle were the thickest in the heart(24 mm). 4. The right and left coronaryarteries both had ramus circumflexus. 5. The diameter of the V cavae caudalis(20 mm)was smaller than that ofIVC in human(34 mm). The diameter of the pulmonary trunk in POrcine heart (24 mm) was smaller than thatin human heart (38. 8 mm ). 6. The left V azygos directly drew into the coronary sinus. Conclusion: Jinhuaporcine heart can be the donor source suitable for human heart transplantation.