安溪县2010年手足口病流行病学特征分析

目的了解安溪县2010年手足口病的疫情流行特征,为制定有效防控策略和应对措施提供依据。方法利用《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》监测报告卡信息,用SPSS18.0软件包进行统计分析。结果 2010年全县报告手足口病283例,报告发病率为25.87/10万,无重症病例和死亡病例,聚集性病例1起。病例报告最多的是市级医疗机构,占48.1%。从发病到诊断间隔时间中位数为2.46d。疫情呈散发趋势,构成比以龙涓（13.78%）和官桥（7.77%）较高,发病率以福田（110.10/10万）和桃舟（58.08/10万）较高,兰田构成比（0.4%）和发病率（3.83/10万）均最低。发病率男女性别比例为2.41∶1,0～3岁高发（84.45%）,以散居儿童（89.00%）为主。每个月均有病例报告,11和12月发病最少,9月最多,全年以4-5月和8-9月为发病高峰,呈双峰分布。结论应提高基层医疗单位对手足口病的诊治能力和群众防病及就医意识,加强重点地区和重点人群的防控。

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Anxi county, 2010

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Anxi county in 2010 for the disease control and prevention. Method The data from ＂Infectious Diseases Reporting Information System＂ was analyzed by SPSS18.0 package. Results In 2010, the county reported 823 HFMD cases, but no severe cases and deaths. The incidence rate was 25.87 per 100 000 and there was 1 outbreak. Most HFMD cases were reported by municipal medical institutions, accounting for 48.1%. The interval was 2.46 days from onset to diagnosis by hospitals. The epidemiological trend of HFMD was sporadic, the constituent ratios of Longjuan （13.78%） and Guanqiao（7.77%） were higher than other areas. The incidence rates of Futian（110.10 per 100 000） and Taozhou（58.08 per 100 000） were higher than others. The constituent ratio （0.4%）and incidence rate（3.83 per 100 000） of Lantian were the lowest than others.The male-to-female ratios of incidence rate were 2.41∶1, the main HFMD cases occurred in age of 0-3,accounting for 84.45%. The HFMD cases were mainly occurred in scattered children, accounting for 89.00%. HFMD cases were reported each month. The month with least cases was November and December, with most cases in September. There were two peaks of incidence happened in the periods of April to May and August to September. Conclusions Primary medical institutions should improve the ability of diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Peoples should improve the awareness of prevention and treatment. It is crucial to focus on key groups and areas for prevention and control of HFMD.