维持性血液透析患者睡眠障碍的原因分析及护理干预

目的探讨维持性血液透析（以下简称“血透”）患者睡眠障碍的常见原因及护理干预措施，以提高其睡眠质量。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对维持性血透至少3个月、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）得分〉7分的睡眠障碍患者进行调查，根据引起其睡眠障碍的身心原因，采取不同的干预措施。结果调查发现，维持性血透睡眠障碍患者睡眠障碍原因有多方面，主要为躯体症状和心理问题。SCL-90调查发现，本组患者总均分、躯体化症状、抑郁、焦虑等4项的得分显著高于国内常模（P〈0．01）。结论血液透析患者睡眠障碍受多种因素的影响，医护人员应根据其不同原因制定不同的干预措施，以改善其睡眠质量和生活质量。

Investigation of Sleep Disorders and Nursing Intervention in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Objective To investigate the common causes and nursing intervention measures of sleep disorders in maintenance hemodialysis patients, so as to improve the sleep quality in the patients with sleep disorders. Methods Symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90） was used to investigate maintenance hemodialysis patients with sleep disorders for at least 3 months with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI） score over 7. Different interventions were adopted according to their sleep disturbance caused by the physical and psychological reasons. Results Mutifactorial causes accounted for the sleep disorders in maintenance hemodialysis patients maily including physical symptoms and psychological problems. SCL-90 investigation showed that the average total score, the scores of somatization symptom,depression and anxiety in maintenace hemodialysis patients with sleep disorder were higher than national norm（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Sleep disorders in hemodialysis patients are affected by many factors. Medical staff should construct nursing intervention measures in accordance with their different causes to improve sleep quality and quality of life.