北京市昌平地区外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的流行病学研究

目的探讨外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的临床特征和相关危险因素。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,对945例阴道假丝酵母菌培养阳性者及945例真菌培养阴性者,进行病例对照研究。采用多因素Logistic回归分析外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病的影响因素。结果外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病以白色假丝酵母菌感染最为常见,占80.42%,25-35岁发病率最高。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：非月经期使用护垫（OR=3.457,95%CI：1.379-5.865）、抗生素应用（OR=3.279,95%CI：1.222-4.753）、1年内性伴侣数≥2个（OR=2.865,95%CI：1.467-3.456）、人工流产≥2次（OR=1.645,95%CI：0.964-3.563）是外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病发病的危险因素。结论外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病主要发生于性活跃期育龄妇女,以白色假丝酵母菌感染最为常见,非月经期使用护垫、抗生素应用、1年内性伴侣数≥2个、人工流产≥2次是外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病发病的高危因素。

Epidemiology research of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Changping District of Beijing City

Objective To discuss the clinical features and risk factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Methods The study was designed as an prospective case-controlled study. 945 cases with positive-cultured Vaginal candida yeast and 945 cases with negative-cultured fungus were included in the case-control study. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Results Candida albicans infection was the most common reason for vulvovaginal candidiasis, accounting for 80.42%, and patients aged 25-35 had the highest incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Multi-factor Logistic regression showed that using period pad in non-menstrual period （OR = 3.457, 95% CI：1.379-5.865）, antibiotic application （OR = 3.279, 95% CI： 1.222-4.753）, the number of sexual partners ≥ 2 in 1 year （OR = 2.865, 95% CI： 1.467-3.456）, induced abortion≥2 （OR= 1.645, 95% CI： 0.964- 3.563） were the risk factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Conclusion The prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis is easily found in women during their reproductive age, candida albicans infection is the most common cause of the disease. Using period pad in non-menstrual period, antibiotic application, the number of sexual partners ≥ 2 in 1 year, induced abortion ≥ 2 are risk factors associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis.