2006年普格县儿童计划免疫接种调查

目的了解和掌握普格县当前的计划免疫工作现状和存在的问题。方法采取典型调查和多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽查2004年全年出生儿童的建卡率,基础免疫接种率和1997、2000、2003年3年间出生儿童的加强免疫接种率。结果共调查15个乡的420名适龄儿童,建卡率为94.23%;卡介苗、口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破联合疫苗,麻疹疫苗接种率和四苗全程免疫覆盖率,分别为68.57%、92.36%、71.42%、74.33%和62.85%;乙型肝炎疫苗（HepB）全程接种率为34.00%、（HepB）首针及时接种率和全程及时接种率均为20.00%;DPT4、OPV4、MV2加强免疫接种率分别为66.52%、93.33%、87.61%;儿童计划免疫接种率普遍较低,矮山乡高于二半山和高山乡。造成未接种的原因主要为不知道要接种,不合格的原因主要是超期接种和提前接种。结论普格县除脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种率相对较高外,其他儿童计划免疫疫苗接种率普遍较低,高山、二半山乡是预防接种工作的难点,HepB纳入儿童计划免疫进展困难。

Survey on EPI Immunization Coverage in Puge in 2006

Objective To master the present situation of EPI and to find out problems. Methods Typical survey and multistage sampling methods were conducted. The rates of setting immunization cards and basic immunization in children born in 2004 as well as strengthened immunization in 1997,in 2000 and in march,2003 were investigated.Results 420 target children in 15 townships were investigated. The rate of setting up immunization cards was 94.23%.The immunization coverage rates of BCG,OPV,DPT,MV and four vaccine vaccinations with series eligibility were 68.57%,92.36%,71.42%,74.33%,62.85%,respectively.The immunization coverage rate of HepB was 34.00%,but the first dose of timely HepB vaccination rate was only 20.00%. The coverage rates of DPT4,OPV4,MV2 were 66.52%,93.33%,87.61%,respectively. The coverage rate of EPI immunization presented the descending trend.The main reason of missing immunization was lack of vaccination information.And the unqualified reasons were beyond or ahead of vaccination time.Conclusion In Puge, the immunization coverage of OPV kept in higher level. However,the other EPI immunization coverage was in lower level. Moreover,immunization of children living at the hilltop and hillside is difficult. It is also hard to put HepB into EPI.