早中期早产儿神经发育不良相关的感染因素分析

目的 探讨与早中期早产儿在校正18月龄时神经发育不良相关的感染因素。方法 以2015年6月至2018年12月入住新生儿重症监护病房并在早产高危儿门诊随访的胎龄28~ < 34周早产儿为研究对象。校正18月龄时采用修订版Bayley婴幼儿发展量表进行神经发育评估，运用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析探讨对神经发育产生影响的感染相关因素。结果 纳入早中期早产儿138例，其中校正18月龄时神经发育不良者59例。单因素logistic回归分析显示早中期早产儿神经发育不良与晚发感染、血培养阳性、其他系统感染有关（P < 0.05）；多因素logistic回归分析显示晚发感染是神经发育不良的独立危险因素（OR=1.510，95% CI：1.133~3.600，P < 0.05）。结论 晚发感染可增加早中期早产儿神经发育不良的风险。

Infection factors associated with neurodysplasia in early and moderately preterm infants

Objective To investigate the infection factors associated with neurodysplasia in early and moderately preterm infants at a corrected age of 18 months. Methods The preterm infants with a gestational age of 28 weeks to < 34 weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and followed up at the outpatient service for high-risk preterm infants from June 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled as subjects. At a corrected age of 18 months, the revised Bayley Scales of Infant Development was used to evaluate neurodevelopment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the infection factors affecting neurodevelopment. Results A total of 138 early or moderately preterm infants were enrolled, among whom 59 had neurodysplasia at a corrected age of 18 months. The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that neurodysplasia was associated with late-onset infection, positive blood culture, and other systemic infections (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that late-onset infection was an independent risk factor for neurodysplasia (OR=1.510, 95%CI:1.133-3.600, P < 0.05). Conclusions Late-onset infection can increase the risk of neurodysplasia in early and moderately preterm infants.