Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Chinese adults: results from Meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese adult health check-up population, and to compare with the prevalence of CKD in the study of the general population as well as the large CKD cross-sectional study in China. Methods Epidemiological studies about CKD in Chinese adults health check-up population from January 2007 to December 2017 were searched in PubMed, SinoMed, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Data. Meta-analysis of the prevalence of CKD was performed with software of Stata 12.0. Subgroup analyses of CKD staging, urban and rural, as well as geographical areas of the general population were executed. Results Twenty-two studies from adult health check-up population were included (238 349 persons). Egger's regression showed no publication bias (P＞0.05). The unstandardized prevalence rate of CKD was 12.49% (male 12.8%, female 12.5%). The respective unstandardized prevalences of proteinuria, hematuria and eGFR decline were 5.90%, 5.83% and 2.75%. The unstandardized prevalences of CKD in urban and rural population were 13.21% and 11.90%. The stages of CKD were mainly concentrated in the early stages. There was no significant difference in the non-standard detection rate of total eGFR decline among the adult medical examination population, the general population and the population studied cross-sectionally (P＞0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference in the non-standard detection rate of total hematuria and male hematuria was found between the adult health check-up population and the general population. In addition, the total proteinuric non-standard detection rate of the adult general population was similar with that of population studied cross-sectionally (P＞0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of CKD in Chinese adults is higher, the overall prevalence is however underestimated. The results of epidemiological investigation in adult health check-up population are similar to those of the general population, especially in men.