湖南省听力障碍儿童慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 调查湖南省听力障碍儿童慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病情况。方法 运用横断面研究，采用多阶段整群抽样方法共抽取1 500名儿童作为研究样本，现场进行问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检查。结果 1 500名儿童中，纳入资料完整的儿童1 459名。CKD患病43例，患病率为2.95%，其中 < 7岁组患病率（5.8%，35/604）显著高于7~14岁组（0.9%，8/855）（P < 0.05）。43例CKD患儿中，表现为蛋白尿31例（72%），表现为血尿27例（63%），表现肾小球滤过率下降11例（26%）。43例CKD患儿中，CKD 1、2、3a、3b、4、5期患病例数分别为13、19、5、3、3、0例，分别占30%、44%、12%、7%、7%、0%。CKD患病率随听力障碍程度加重而升高（P < 0.01）。结论 湖南省听力障碍儿童中CKD的患病率较高，大部分处于CKD早期，学龄前期儿童多见。听力障碍程度与CKD的患病率相关。

An epidemiological investigation of chronic kidney disease in children with hearing disorder in Hunan province, China

Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the children with hearing disorder in Hunan province, China. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 1 500 children as subjects. Questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory examinations were performed on the spot. Results Among the 1 500 children, 1 459 with complete data were included in analysis. Among the 1 459 children, 43 had CKD, with a prevalence rate of 2.95%. The P P Conclusions The prevalence rate of CKD is higher among the children with hearing disorder in Hunan province. Most children have early-stage CKD. CKD is commonly seen in preschool children. Severity of hearing disorder is associated with the prevalence of CKD.