吞咽功能训练与非营养性吸吮在早期早产儿中的应用可行性

目的 分析早期早产儿接受吞咽功能训练及非营养性吸吮处理的临床价值,以期为临床干预提供依据。方法 以常州市妇幼保健院新生儿科新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)2016年1月-2017年8月收治的100例早期早产儿为观察对象,并按随机非盲法对其进行分组(50例/组),对照组采取传统经口胃管喂养,干预组在上述基础上施行吞咽功能训练配合非营养性吸吮,观察比较两组的喂养情况,以及禁食时间、经口胃管营养时间、平均住院日与完全经口喂养时胎龄等指标。结果 干预组共46例早期早产儿喂养表现良好,良好率为92.0%,显著高于对照组(31例,62.0%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。在禁食时间、经口胃管营养时间、平均住院日及完全经口喂养时胎龄等指标的对比上,干预组比对照组均明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 对早期早产儿施行吞咽功能训练及非营养性吸吮,能够使早期早产儿加快建立起吞咽吸吮反射,改善经口喂养状况,并可促进其康复出院,值得临床推广应用。

Feasibility study on the application of swallowing function training and non-nutritive sucking in extremely premature infants

Objective To analyze the clinical value of swallowing function training and non-nutritive sucking treatment in extremely premature infants,in order to provide evidence for clinical intervention.Methods Totally 100 cases of extremely premature infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled in this study from January 2016 to August 2017. According to the random non-blind method of grouping, infants were divided into two groups, with 50 cases in ead group. The control group took traditional oral feedings, while the intervention group received swallowing function training combined with non-nutritive sucking. The feeding situation, fasting time, oral gastric nutrition time, average hospitalization days and total enteral feeding for gestational age and other indicators of the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results The cases of good feeding performance in intervention group (46, 92.0%) were significantly more than those in control group (31, 62.0%)(P<0.05). The fasting time, the nutrition time of nasogastric tube, the average hospitalization day and the age of the full mouth feeding in intervention group were significantly shorter than those in control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Swallowing function training on extremely premature infants and non-nutritive sucking can help premature establish the swallowing sucking reflex, improve oral feeding conditions, and promote the rehabilitation so that it is worthy of popularization and application.