初中生营养与食品安全知信行现况及学校影响因素研究

目的 通过对初中生营养与食品安全知识态度行为现况的调查,为开展学校健康教育提供依据。方法 2016年11月-2017年10月采用多阶段整群抽样方法,使用自编问卷以无记名自填方式对北京、重庆、黑龙江、湖北四地29所学校2 652名初中生进行问卷调查。结果 初中生知识总平均分(9.54±1.866)分,知晓率为81.1%;97.2%的学生认为学校提供营养与食品安全教育十分重要;73.6%的初中生坚持每天吃早餐,12.9%的初中生过去一周中每天都喝含糖饮料,31.1％的学生在购买食品时没有查看食品包装的习惯;多因素分析发现,接受学校健康教育的初中生营养与食品安全知识、态度和行为水平更高。结论 初中生营养与食品安全知识和行为亟待改善,而学校健康教育将是改善学生健康知识和行为的有效途径。

Study on status and potential school influencing factors for knowledge,attitude and behaviors regarding nutrition and food safety among junior middle school students

Objective To investigate knowledge, attitudes and current behaviors regarding nutrition and food safety among junior middle school students, in order to provide suggestions for the future development of nutrition and food safety education. Method By using cluster random sampling and qualitative research, a total of 2 652 students were interviewed using questionnaires from 29 schools in Beijing, Chongqing, Haerbin and Hubei Province from November 2016 to October 2017. Results The average score on knowledge was 9.54±1.866, with the awareness rate was 81.1%; 97.2% of the students agreed that it was important to provide nutrition and food safety education in school;73.6% of the students ate breakfast everyday,12.9% of students drunk sugared beverages everyday in the past week,31.1% of the students never or seldom see the food packaging.Multivariate analysis showed that student receiving health education had higher score of knowledge, attitude and behaviors regarding nutrition and food safety. Conclusion The knowledge and behaviors regarding nutrition and food safety of junior middle school students need to be improved, and school health education will be an effective way to improve students′ health knowledge and behaviors.