青少年儿童近视屈光度与眼球生物学屈光参数及中心凹下脉络膜厚度的关系

目的：探讨青少年儿童近视屈光度与眼轴长度（AL）、中央角膜厚度（CCT）、眼压（IOP）、角膜曲率（CC）及中心凹下脉络膜厚度（CT）之间的关系，为青少年儿童近视的防治提供依据。方法：系列病例研究。选取2016 年3-12 月在山西省眼科医院就诊的青少年儿童近视患者。散瞳验光测量屈光度并测量CCT、IOP、AL、CC及CT等数据。依据等效球镜度（SE）分为低、中、高度近视组，分析屈光度与CCT、IOP、AL、CC及中心凹下CT的关系。组间数据比较采用方差分析，变量间的相关性 分析采用Pearson相关分析。结果：共纳入青少年儿童近视患者80例（158眼），年龄（7.9±2.4）岁。低、中、高度近视组SE分别为（-2.28±0.85）D、（-4.43±0.82）D、（-8.51±1.50）D。低、中、高度近视组AL分别为（24.0±0.7）mm、（25.0±0.6）mm、（26.6±1.5）mm，3组间总体差异有统计学意义（F=55.03，P < 0.001），中心凹下CT分别为（280±82）μm、（207±63）μm、（184±72）μm，3 组间总体差异有统计学意义（F=12.64，P < 0.001）。各组间CCT、IOP、CC差异均无统计学意义。屈光度的绝对值与AL呈正相关性（r =0.858，P < 0.001），与CT呈负相关性（r =-0.590，P < 0.001）。CT与AL、CCT呈负相关性（r =-0.567，P < 0.001；r =-0.300，P=0.007），余指标间无相关性。结论：随青少年儿童近视屈光度增加，AL增加，中心凹下CT厚度的减小，而屈光度与CCT、IOP、CC的关系不明确。

Correlation of Myopia with Ocular Biometric Rerfractive Parameters and Choroid Thickness in Children and Adolescents

Objective: To investigate the correlation of myopia severity with axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal curvature (CC), and choroid thickness (CT) in children and adolescents. Methods: In this case series study, we selected myopic children and adolescents who were diagnosed in Shanxi Eye Hospital from March to December 2016. All of the children and adolescents were subjected to cycloplegic refraction, and CCT, IOP, AL, CC, and CT measurements. They were divided into three myopia groups, mild, moderate, and high, based on the spherical equivalent (SE). We then analyzed the correlation of the degree of myopia with CCT, IOP, AL, CC, and CT. Differences between groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Relationships between the relevant factors were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Eighty myopic children and adolescents (158 eyes), 7.9±2.4 years old, were included in this study. The SEs were -2.28±0.85 diopters (D), -4.43±0.82 D, and -8.51±1.50 D in the mild, moderate, and high myopia groups respectively. The ALs were 24.0±0.7 mm, 25.0±0.6 mm, and26.6±1.5 mm in the respective myopia groups (F=55.03, P<0.001). The CTs were 280±82 μm, 207±63 μm,and 184±72 μm in the respective myopia groups (F=12.64, P<0.001). There were no significant differences for CCT, IOP, or CC among the different groups. CT was significantly correlated to myopia (r =-0.590,P<0.001), AL (r =-0.567, P<0.001), and CCT (r =-0.300, P=0.007). Conclusions: There is a positive correlation between the progression of myopia and the increase in AL. There is a negative correlation between myopia and the foveal CT. Finally, the relationship between myopia and CCT, IOP, and CC is not clear.