遗传和环境因素对双生子儿童攻击行为的影响

目的 了解相关遗传与环境因素对双生子儿童攻击行为的影响，为进一步探索影响其攻击行为的因果关系提供线索。方法 采用问卷法对261对4~12.8岁双生子儿童的攻击行为、气质类型及父母教养方式等进行测评；采用Holzinger法和最大似然法构建结构方程模型进行遗传度估计。采用二元logistic回归、多元线性回归和一般线性模型分析双生子儿童攻击行为和相关环境因素的关联。结果 双生子儿童攻击行为的发生遗传度为44.4%，攻击行为得分呈中度遗传（男60.9%，女65.6%）。多因素分析显示，双生子儿童攻击行为得分受母亲情感温暖/理解、母亲惩罚/严厉和父亲过度保护的共同影响（P < 0.05），其中母亲情感温暖/理解与父亲过度保护有交互作用（P < 0.05）。结论 遗传和环境因素对儿童攻击行为均有影响；影响双生子儿童攻击行为的环境因素主要是父母教养方式。

Influence of genetic and environment factors on aggressive behavior in twin children

Objective To investigate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on aggressive behavior in twin children, and to provide clues for further exploring the causal relationship between such factors and aggressive behavior. Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate aggressive behavior, temperament type and parenting style among 261 twin children aged 4-12.8 years. The Holzinger method and the maximum likelihood method were used to construct a structural equation model for the estimation of heritability. Binary logistic regression analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis and general linear model analysis were used to analyze the association between aggressive behavior and environmental factors in twin children. Results The heritability of aggressive behavior was 44.4% in twin children and the score of aggressive behavior showed moderate heritability (60.9% in boys and 65.6% in girls). The multivariate analysis showed that the score of aggressive behavior in twin children was affected by the mother's emotional warmth/understanding, the mother's punishment/severity and the father's overprotection (P < 0.05). There was an interaction between the mother's emotional warmth/understanding and the father's overprotection (P < 0.05). Conclusions Both genetic and environmental factors have influence on children's aggressive behavior, and parenting style is the main environmental factor affecting the aggressive behavior of twin children.