卵巢癌肉瘤的研究现状与进展

卵巢癌肉瘤是一种具有高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，组织中同时含有癌和肉瘤两种成分，发病率低，多见于绝经后妇女。该病早期诊断困难，就诊时多属晚期。与上皮性卵巢癌相比，其恶性程度更高，对化疗的敏感度更低，预后更差。由于该病比较罕见，难以进行大规模前瞻性的临床研究，使建立系统的治疗指南面临巨大挑战。目前该病治疗多是基于回顾性研究或上皮性卵巢癌的治疗经验，肿瘤细胞减灭术是其主要的手术治疗方式，关于术后辅助化疗，国际上尚无规范的化疗方案，多数研究支持以铂类为基础的联合化疗，放疗的作用尚不确定，靶向治疗仍在进一步研究中。

Research Status and Progress of Ovarian Carcinosarcoma

Ovarian carcinosarcoma is a highly invasive malignant tumor, which is more common in postmenopausal women. The tissue contains both cancerous and sarcoma components, and the incidence is low. Early diagnosis is difficult, and most of the visits are late. Compared with epithelial ovarian cancer, it is more malignant, less sensitive to chemotherapy, and has a worse prognosis. Because of its relatively rare nature, it is difficult to conduct large-scale prospective clinical studies, making the establishment of systematic treatment guidelines a huge challenge. Current treatments are mostly based on retrospective studies or treatment experience of epithelial ovarian cancer. Tumor cytoreductive surgery is the main surgical treatment. Regarding postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, there is no standardized chemotherapy regimen in the world. Most studies support platinum-based combination chemotherapy, the role of radiotherapy is uncertain, and targeted therapy is under further study.