乌鲁木齐市吸毒人群首次注射吸毒和共用器具注射吸毒的调查研究

目的：了解新疆乌鲁木齐市吸毒人群从首次注射吸毒到首次共用器具注射吸毒的发生情况及影响因素。方法：于2005年4-6月以社区为基础招募吸毒者，调查其社会人口学特征、首次吸毒、首次注射吸毒和首次共用器具注射吸毒情况。结果：在调查的静脉吸毒者401人中，68．6％（275／401）的吸毒者曾经共用器具注射吸毒。从首次吸毒到首次注射吸毒的发生率为23．58／100人年（95％CI=21。27-25．89），多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析结果显示：女性（HR=1.65，95％CI=1．21-2，24）和首次吸毒年份为1994年及以后（HR=3．56，95％CI=2．84～4．47）与首次注射吸毒发生的关系有统计学意义；从首次注射吸毒到首次共用器具注射毒品的发生率为24．99／100人年（95％CI=22．04-27，94），多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析结果显示：维族（HR=I，41，95％CI=1.08～1．85）、初中及以下文化程度（HR=1，41，95％CI=1.09-1．82）和首次注射吸毒年份为1998年及以后（HR=1．56，95％CI=1．20-2．04）与首次共用器具注射吸毒发生的关系有统计学意义。结论：近期开始滥用毒品的吸毒者易于从口吸转变为注射吸毒进而共用器具注射吸毒。注射吸毒是HIV感染和传播的主要途径。

A survey of initial injection drug use and first sharing injection equipment among drug users in Urumqi city

Objective ：To investigate the incidence of the initial injection drug use and sharing injection equipment among drug users in Urumqi, China. Methods： From April to June 2005, 401 drug users were recruited from community. A structured questionnaire was used to collection data, including demographic characteristic, initial drug use, initial injection drug use and the first time of sharing injection equipment. Results： 401 of drug users were recruited and 68.6% （275/401） shared injection equipment in the past. The average incidence from initial drug use to first injection drug use was 23.58 per 100 person year （95%CI=21.27-25.89）, female （HR=1.65, 95% CI 1.21-2.24）and initial drug use after 1994 （HR=3.56, 95%CI=2.84-4.47） were associated with initial injection drug use in the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model. The average incidence from initial injection drug use to first sharing injection equipment was 24.99 per 100 person year （95%CI=22.04-27.94）, Uigur （HR=1. 41, 95%CI=1.08-1.85）, elementary or less education level （HR=1.41, 95%CI=1.09-1.82） and initial injection drug use after 1998 （HR=1.56, 95%CI= 1.20-2.04） were associated with first sharing of injection equipment in the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model. Conclusions： The results showed that the initial drug use in recent years was fast associated with transition from sniffing drug to injection drug use, and then to sharing of injection equipment.