射频消融治疗下肢静脉曲张合并髂静脉压迫的短期疗效分析

背景与目的：目前，髂静脉压迫（IVC）支架植入指征尚不明确，此外，对于IVC合并下肢静脉曲张的患者，部分学者认为如果髂静脉狭窄处两端压力差不大（<2 mmHg），只要单纯处理下肢静脉曲张也能有效改善下肢症状。因此，本研究分析此类患者单纯行下肢静脉曲张射频闭合手术的短期临床结果。方法：回顾性分析2020年6月—2022年6月在首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院行下肢静脉曲张射频闭合手术的患者资料，根据髂静脉超声、CTV和下肢静脉造影检查，筛选出IVC伴侧支循环形成而压力差<2 mmHg的患者（IVC+静脉曲张组），并为其使用倾向性评分按照1∶3匹配单纯下肢静脉曲张患者（静脉曲张组）。主要终点指标为术后1周及3、6、12个月隐静脉主干闭塞率，次要终点指标包括术后6、12个月的静脉临床严重程度评分（VCSS）、慢性静脉功能不全生活质量问卷（CIVIQ-20）评分。结果：筛选出IVC+静脉曲张组29例，匹配静脉曲张组患者87例，两组患者基线资料差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。术后首次超声检查，两组患者隐静脉主干闭合率均为100.0%；术后3、6、12个月的随访时，静脉曲张组与...

Analysis of the short-term efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for lower extremity varicose veins combined with iliac vein compression

Background and Aims Currently, the indications for iliac vein compression (IVC) stent implantation remain unclear. In addition, for patients with combined IVC and lower extremity varicose veins, some scholars believe that if there is low pressure difference across the narrow segment of the iliac vein (<2 mmHg), simply treating lower extremity varicose veins can effectively improve lower limb symptoms. Therefore, this study was performed to analyze the short-term clinical outcomes of performing radiofrequency closure surgery for lower extremity varicose veins alone in such patients.Methods The data of patients who underwent endovenous radiofrequency ablation for lower extremity varicose veins in Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to iliac vein ultrasound, CTV, and lower extremity venography examinations, patients with IVC and collateral circulation formation with a pressure difference <2 mmHg (IVC + varicose veins group) were selected. Propensity score matching was then employed at a 1:3 ratio to match patients with lower extremity varicose veins only (varicose veins group). The primary endpoints were the occlusion rates of the saphenous vein trunk at 1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months after operation. Secondary endpoints included venous clinical severity score (VCSS) and Chronic Venous Insufficiency Quality of Life Questionnaire (CIVIQ-20) scores at 6 and 12 months after operation.Results A total of 29 patients were identified in the IVC + varicose veins group, matched with 87 patients in the varicose veins group. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups (all P>0.05). After the first postoperative ultrasound examination, the occlusion rates of the saphenous vein trunk were 100.0% in both groups. At 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up, the occlusion rates in the varicose veins group vs. IVC + varicose veins group were 100.0% vs. 100.0%, 97.7% vs. 100.0%, and 98.8% vs. 100.0%, respectively, with no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). VCSS and CIVIQ-20 scores significantly decreased in both groups compared to preoperative values (all P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). Both groups had no severe adverse events such as deep vein thrombosis, and the overall incidence rates of complications after operation showed no statistically significant difference between the varicose veins group and the IVC + varicose veins group (20.7% vs. 24.1%, P=0.69).Conclusion For patients with combined IVC and lower extremity varicose veins showing low pressure difference across the narrow segment of the iliac vein, endovenous radiofrequency ablation as a minimally invasive treatment can achieve favorable short-term outcomes. However, further examination is needed to assess its long-term effectiveness.