济南市农村集中式供水水质卫生状况

目的调查分析济南市农村不同集中式供水水质卫生状况。方法采用分层抽样的方法对济南市10个区县农村集中式供水工程进行基本卫生状况调查，并对2011和2012两年度丰水期和枯水期出厂水进行分析。结果农村集中式供水枯水期和丰水期合格率分别为56．79％和42．55％。浅井水、深井水、泉水和地表水枯水期合格率分别为38．64％、60．08％、23．53％和65．38％，丰水期合格率分别为20．45％、45．64％、27．27％和57．69％，枯水期和丰水期不同水源合格率总体上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。菌落总数、大肠菌群是影响济南市农村饮用水水质的主要指标，硝酸盐和氟化物分别是浅井水和深井水的主要超标指标。水样经消毒处理和不经消毒处理的微生物合格率分别为56．9％和75．0％（X^2=36．37，P=0．000）。结论济南市农村集中式供水卫生状况较差，需进一步完善。

Analysis on sanitary condition of centralized drinking water supply in rural area of Jinan City

[ Objective] To investigate and analyze the sanitary condition of centralized drinking water supply in rural area of Jinan City. [ Methods] The basic hygiene status of rural centralized water supply projects in 10 districts/counties of Jinan City was sur- veyed by the stratified sampling. The quality levels of finished water in wet period and dry period in the year of 2011 and 2012 were analyzed. [ Results] The qualified rate of centralized drinking water supply in rural area in wet period and dry period was 56.79% and 42.55% respectively. The qualified rates of shallow well water, deep welt water, spring water and surface water during the dry period was respectively 38.64%, 60.08%, 23.53% and 65.38% , while qualified rate of these water sources during the wet peri- od was respectively 20.45% , 45.64% , 27.27% and 57, 69% , and there were significant differences in the qualified rates of these water sources between wet period and dry period （P 〈 0.05 ）. The bacterial count and coliform group were the factors that affected the water quality in rural area, while nitrate and fluoride was the main unqualified index that affected the water quality of shallow well water and deep well water respectively. The qualified rate of microorganisms in the water samples with and without disinfection was 56.9% and 75.0% respectively C X2 = 36.37 ,P = 0. 000）. [ Conclusion] The sanitary condition of centralized drinking water supply in rural area of Jinan City is poor, which needs to be improved.