不同特征脑力劳动者职业紧张与工作能力的关系

目的探讨不同特征脑力劳动者的职业紧张和工作能力的变化。方法采用工作紧张测量量表（Job Stress Survey，JSS）和工作能力指数表（WorkAbility Index，WAI），测量某市1363名脑力劳动者的职业紧张水平和工作能力，并探讨职业紧张与工作能力的关系。结果①职业紧张水平：男性高于女性（P〈0．01）；工龄〈10a者高于工龄〉10a者（P〈0．01）。②工作能力：工龄〈10a者好于工龄〉10a者（P〈0．01）；文化程度本科及以上者好于本科以下者（P〈0．05）。③汉族与少数民族职工职业紧张水平和工作能力差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。④不同职业紧张分组，工作能力得分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。工作紧张指数、工作压力指数、组织支持缺乏指数与工作能力呈负相关（r=-0．14，，=-0．11，，=-0．12；P〈0．01）；随着各项紧张指数的增加，工作能力有所下降。结论性别、工龄是脑力劳动者的职业紧张影响因素；工龄、文化程度、职业紧张水平是脑力劳动者工作能力的影响因素。紧张水平增加，工作能力下降。

Relationship between occupational stress and work ability of mental workers with different characteristics

[ Objective ] To assess the relationship between the occupational stress and work ability of mental workers with different characteristics. [ Methods] By using the Job Stress Survey （JSS） and the Work Ability Index （WAI）, the occupational stress level and work ability of 1 363 mental workers were tested, and the relationship between the occupational stress and work ability was investigated. [ Rcsults]①The occupational stress level in males was higher than in that in female （ P 〈0.01 ）, and that in workers with length of service 〈 10 years was higher than in that in workers with length of service 〉 10 years （ P 〈 0.01 ）. ②The work abil- ity in workers with length of service 〈 10 years was better than that in workers with length of service 〉 10 years （ P 〈 0.01 ） , and that in workers with the bachelor degree or above was better than that in workers without a bachelor degree （ P 〈 0.05 ） ③There were no significant differences in occupational stress level and work ability between Han nationality and minority nationality workers （P 〉 0.05）. ④There was significant difference in scores of work ability among groups of different occupational stress level （P 〈 0.01 }. The work stress index, work pressure index, and lack of organizational support index were negatively correlated with work ability （r =-0. 14, r =-0. II, r =-0. 12）, which the work ability decreased with the increasing of these indexes. [ Conclusion ] The influencing factors of occupational stress in mental workers are sex and length of service. The length of service, education level and occupational stress level are the influencing factors of work ability among mental workers. The work ability decreases with the increasing of occupational stress level.