对出院脑卒中患者行电话回访式健康教育的效果评价

目的探讨电话回访式健康教育对出院脑卒中患者的影响。方法将河北联合大学附属医院2012年1—12月出院的脑卒中患者960例随机分为对照组和干预组,每组各480例。对照组给予常规出院指导,干预组在常规出院指导的基础上在患者出院后1周至6个月进行有目的、有计划的电话回访式健康教育。结果两组患者对脑卒中相关知识了解情况比较：对照组对脑卒中用药知识的知晓率为61.90%,对鼻饲护理的知晓率为7.70%;干预组对脑卒中康复知识的知晓率为90.60%,对鼻饲护理知晓率为22.90%。两组患者遵医行为比较：干预组患者按时服药率为91.10%,戒烟限酒率为78.90%;对照组按时服药率为46.90%,定期复查率为30.20%。两组患者复发情况比较：对照组2次复发率为24.4%,3次复发率为18.1%;干预组2次复发率为11.1%,3次复发率为2.5%。两组患者对脑卒中相关知识知晓情况、遵医行为、复发情况比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论电话回访式健康教育可使脑卒中患者对疾病相关知识的了解得到提高,遵医行为得到提高,复发率降低。

Effect evaluation on health education by telephone interviews in discharged patients with stroke

Objective]To explore the effect of health education by telephone interviews in discharged patients with stroke. Methods]960 stroke patients who were discharged from Affiliated Hospital of Hebei United University from January to December 2012 were randomly divided into the control group and intervention group,480 cases in each group. The control group received routine discharge guidance. On the basis of routine discharge guidance,the intervention group was given the purposeful and planned health education by telephone interviews in the period of 1 week to 6 months after discharge.Results]In the stroke-related knowledge,the awareness rate of knowledge about medication of stroke and nursing of nasal feeding in the control group was 61. 90% and 7. 70% respectively,while the awareness rate of knowledge about rehabilitation of stroke and nursing of nasal feeding in the intervention group was 90. 60% and 22. 90% respectively. In the compliance behaviors,the rate of taking medicine on time,and smoking cessation and abstinence alcohol in the intervention group was 91. 10% and 78. 90% respectively,while the rate of taking medicine on time and regular examination in the control group was 46. 90% and 30. 20% respectively. In the recurrence,the rate of second and third recurrence in the control group was 24. 4% and 18. 1% respectively,while the rate of second and third recurrence in the intervention group was 11. 1% and 2. 5% respectively. There were significant differences in the awareness rates of knowledge about stroke,compliance behaviors and recurrence rate between two groups（ P〈0. 01）.Conclusion]The health education by telephone interviews can improve the level of knowledge about stroke in stroke patients,enhance the compliance behaviors,and reduce the recurrence rate.