同种异体头皮及面颈部和双侧耳廓复合组织移植的应用解剖

目的：阐述同种异体头皮、面颈部和双侧耳廓复合组织移植解剖学基础。方法：对4具8侧灌注的尸体标本及8具16侧新鲜尸体标本进行解剖，观察头皮、面颈部和耳廓等面部浅表器官的血管走行、分支及其分布。结果：头面部皮肤软组织以及头面部体表器官的血液供应均由颈外动脉分支提供的，其中颞浅动脉分支分布于额顶、耳颞、侧面颈等处，约占头面部57％的区域，面动脉供应颏部、唇部、鼻部以及眼睑等，两者间以及与其他颈外动脉分支间有丰富的交通支吻合。结论：颞浅动脉作为头皮、双侧耳廓及额颧颊颈部复合组织的血供是安全可靠的。

Applied anatomy of allograft transplantation with compound tissue of two ears and skin of head and neck

Objective:To explain anatomical base for allograft transplantation with compound tissue of two ears and skin of head and neck. Methods:The routes,branches and distributions of the arteries of scalp,faciocervical soft tissue,auricle and facial surface organs were observed and measured on cadavers(8 sides) perfused with red emulsion and fresh cadavers(16 sides). Results:The blood supplied of the scalp,faciocervical soft tissue and facial surface organs originated from the branches of external carotid artery.The branches of superficial temporal artery provided about 57% blood supplied of the frontal,temple auricle and scalp.Facial artery was the source of blood supply to mental region,labial part,nose and eyelid,there were affluent anastomoses between superficial temporal artery and facial artery and the other branches of external carotid. Conclusion:It was safety to design a superficial temporal vessel pedicled allograft transplantation with compound tissue of two ears and skin of head and neck.