儿童干眼的初步研究

目的探讨儿童干眼是否存在及有何临床特点。设计前瞻性病例观察系列。研究对象38例(76眼)可疑儿童干眼患者,38例(76眼)正常儿童。方法对符合成年人干眼诊断标准的38例(76眼)儿童作为可疑干眼的观察组,取年龄与之匹配的正常儿童38例(76眼)作为对照组分别做基础泪液分泌试验(Schirmer)、泪膜破裂时间检查(BUT)、角结膜荧光素(FL)染色检查,对观察组行药物治疗并追踪观察6个月,再行以上三项检查。对可疑儿童干眼患者的症状、病因进行分析。主要指标症状, Schirmer,BUT,FL染色检查。结果38例可疑儿童干眼中瞬目次数增加21例(55．26％),干涩15例(39．47％),畏光14例(36．84％),眼红14例(36．84％)。观察组比对照组Schirmer和BUT均有显著性降低(P均=0．0000)。观察组和对照组Schirmer和BUT左右眼明显相关。观察组和对照组Schirmer和BUT两种检查无相关性。观察组药物治疗6个月前后Schirmer比较差异无统计学意义(P=0．368),BUT和FL检查有显著性改善(P=0．049,P=O．001)。结论儿童干眼确实存在,症状中以瞬目次数增加为最多,儿童干眼并非一时的主观症状,患儿可能存在较长时间(至少>6个月)的影响泪液分泌的病理状态。

Primary survey of dry eye in children

Objective To prove the existence of dry eye in children and to learn the clinical characteristics of them. Design Prospective observational case series. Participants 38 cases(76 eyes) of suspected children of dry eye diagnosed by adult standard and 38 normal children subjects. Methods 38 suspected child patients were studied who were diagnosed clinically with dry eye by adult standard, and were followed up 6 months. The control group consisted of 38 normal children with no significant difference in age. Dry eye examinations including Schirmer test, break-up time(BUT) and fluorescein staining were performed on these two groups. Following items were recorded in 38 suspected children of dry eye, including symptoms and causations. Main Outcome Measures Symptoms, Schirmer test, BUT and fluorescein staining. Results In the 38 suspected patients, frequent blinking was the most common symptom in 21 cases(55.26%), followed by dryness (15 cases, 39.47%), redness (14 cases, 36.84%) and photosensitivity (14 cases, 36.84%). The Schirmer test and BUT were decreased remarkably in the suspected patients compared to those of normal subjects (P=0.0000). In both groups, right eyes were correlated with left eyes in both Schirmer test and BUT. Between these two groups, Schirmer test was nol correlated with BUT. In the suspected patients, the results of BUT and fluorescein staining were improved (P<0.05) after 6 months therapy, but the improvement of the Schirmer test was not significant (P=0.368). Conclusion Dry eye existed in children, frequent blinking was the most common symptom, and not a transient symptom, the deficiency of lacrimal secretion may exist at least 6 months in the children of dry eye.