26例胎儿先天性心脏畸形的产前诊断及临床分析

目的了解胎儿先天性心脏畸形的类型，分析胎儿先天性心脏畸形合并心外畸形及染色体异常的发生率。方法回顾性分析产前超声发现胎儿先天性心脏畸形，且经过产前染色体检查及产后病理解剖证实的26例病例。结果发现10种类型的胎儿先天性心脏畸形，其中室间隔缺损的发生率最高，达57.2%，有4例单纯一种心脏畸形（15.4%），11例多发心脏畸形（42.3%），15例合并心外畸形（52.7%），12例合并染色体异常（46.2%）。结论胎儿期发现的先天性心脏畸形的类型一般较为严重，发生多种心脏畸形的机率较高，合并心外畸形和染色体异常的发生率也较高。

Prenatal diagnosis and clinical analysis about fetal congenital heart defects

Objective： To analyse the spectrum of congenital heart defects, the frequency of extracardiac malformations, and the proportion of chromosome aberrations among fetuses. Methods ： Retrospective analysis 26 cases which were prenatally diagnosed fetal congenital heart defects by ultrasound and postnatally identified by necropsy, these fetal karyotype was prenatally performed. Results： 10 categories of congenital heart defects were identified, the incidence of ventricular septal defect was the highest （57.2%）. In 4 cases the heart defect was isolated （15.4%）, 11 cases were associated with additional cardiac malformations （42. 3% ）, and chromosome anomalies were detected in 12 cases （46. 2% ）. Conclusions： The type of fetal congenital heart defects are more serious. These defects are often associated with other cardiovascular and extracardiac malformations, as well as with chromosome anomalies.