某医院2009-2010年药品不良反应统计与分析

目的探讨郑州大学第二附属医院药品不良反应（ADR）的发生特点，促进临床合理用药。方法对郑州大学第二附属医院2009年7月20日—2010年12月30日收集到的180例ADR报告分别从药物种类、抗感染药物类别、涉及的器官系统、给药途径及患者年龄等方面进行统计分析。结果180例ADR报告中，60岁以上的老年患者发生ADR多于青壮年患者；引起ADR的主要为青霉素类和喹诺酮类抗感染药物、中草药注射剂及循环系统药物，分别占25．7％、25．7％、13．9％和10．0％；发生ADR的给药途径主要为静脉滴注和口服给药，分别占82．2％和13．9％；ADR涉及的器官主要为皮肤及其附件、消化系统、泌尿系统、神经系统及循环系统，分别占37．8％、23．9％、12．8％、10．6％及9．4％。结论ADR的发生与患者年龄因素、抗感染药物的使用、中药注射剂的质量、静脉给药方式有关，ADR最常见表现为皮肤及其附件损害。

Retrospective analysis of ADR case reports in our hospital from 2009 to 2010

Objective To understand the characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADR）for their rational use in clinic. Methods Totally 180 ADR cases had been collected from July 20,2009 to December 30,2010 in our hospital. All the cases were analyzed in respect of drug species, categories of anti - infective drugs, involved organ systems, ways of administration and ages of the patients. Results Among the reports of 180 ADR cases,the elder patients whose age are over 60 are more likely to be infected by ADR than the young patients. The main causes of ADR are the using of Penicillins anti - in- fective drugs, Quinolones anti -infective drugs, herbal injections and circulatory system agents, they accounts for 25.7%, 25.7%, 13.9%, and 10% respectively. The main routes of medication which stimulates the ADR are intravenous infusion and oral administration which account for 82. 2% and 13.9% respectively. The main related organs of ADR are skin and its accessories, digestive system, urinary system, nervous system and circulatory system which account for 37. 8%, 23.9%, 12. 8%, 10. 6% and 9.4% respectively. Conclusion The occurrence of ADR is related to the age of patients, the using of anti - infective drugs ,the quality of herbal injections and the way of intravenous injections. The main symptom is the damage of the skin and its accessories.