生殖周期中小鼠子宫NOS定位及血清NO水平变化

目的　系统研究 3种一氧化氮合酶 (nitricoxidesynthase ,NOS)在生殖周期中小鼠子宫分布变化 ,探讨内源性一氧化氮 (nitricoxide,NO)在生殖周期中可能的生理作用。　方法　免疫组织化学LSAB法 ,比色法。　结果　神经型一氧化氮合酶 (nNOS ,NOS1)在生殖周期小鼠子宫有较为稳定的表达 ,大量的阳性细胞主要分布在子宫内膜上皮 ,内膜基质 ,血管内皮 ,腺上皮及肌层 ;内皮型一氧化氮合酶 (eNOS ,NOS3)在妊娠中期小鼠子宫表达明显增强 ,蜕膜上皮 ,腺上皮和血管内皮呈强阳性标记 ;诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS ,NOS2 )在妊娠早期表达最强 ,妊娠中、晚期表达稍下降。阳性标记主要分布在肌层 ,血管内皮 ,腺上皮 ,内膜上皮及内膜基质 ;然而动情期小鼠子宫未见iNOS阳性标记。此外 ,还测定了生殖周期小鼠血清NO水平变化。　结论　 3种NOS同工酶在生殖周期小鼠子宫可能既协作又分工 ,由其产生的内源性NO对雌鼠动情、胚胎植入、分娩前子宫静息状态的维持、分娩始动以及产后子宫修复等生理过程可能均有调节作用。

LOCALIZATION OF NOS IN UTERUS AND VARIATION OF NO LEVELS IN SERUM DURING REPRODUCTIVE STAGE OF MICE

Objective To study the distribution and changes of three NOS isoforms in mouse uterus during reproductive stage and understand the possible physiological regulatory roles of endogenous NO in reproduction. Methods Immunohistochemisty and colorimetry were used. Results During reproductive stage, nNOS had a relatively stable expresstion in mouse uterus. Numerous positive cells mainly distributed in endometrial epithelium, endometrial stroma, glandular epithelium, vascular endothelium and smooth muscle. In the middle stage of pregnancy,eNOS had a significantly increased expresstion in mouse uterus. Strongly positive staining was observed in decidual epithelium, glandular epithelium and vascular endothelium. During early stage of pregnancy, iNOS had a relatively stronger expresstion in mouse uterus. Positve materia mainly located in smooth muscle, vascular endothelium, glandular epithelium and endometrial stromal cells. However, during estrus, the staining of iNOS in mouse uterus was negative. Moreover, the levels of NO in mouse serum during reproductive period were measured.Conclution During reproductive stage, three NOS isofoms may act dependently and independently. Endogenous NO may have physiological regulatory roles to estrogenicity, embryo implantation, maintaining the quiescence of the uterus before patrition and tissue remodelling after patrition of mice.