Portable fluid circuit device containing printed silicone microvessels as a training aid for arterial microanastomosis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China;2. Ningbo Trando 3D Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, PR China;3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asklepios Hospital North, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University Campus, Hamburg, Germany;1. Department of Orthodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA;2. Orthodontics of Dental Corps, The United States Air Force, USA;3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA;4. Department of Surgery (Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery), Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA;1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan;2. Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan;1. Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany;2. Department of Orthodontics, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Anastomosis of the microvessels requires high-level skills and extensive basic training. This study was performed to introduce and evaluate an inexpensive laboratory device as a training aid. Micro-tubes of 0.8 mm inner diameter and 0.5/0.8 mm wall thickness mimicking human vein/artery were printed from a silicon-containing hydrogel using three-dimensional printing technology. The hydrogel components are optimized to render the printed tubes biomechanical features resembling the blood vessels of a living organism. These artificial vessels were connected to a pump for fluid flow, simulating the blood circulation. Forty medical interns were assigned to two equal groups. The 20 interns in group A practiced anastomosis using the training aid for a total of 10 hours over 5 days. The 20 interns in group B practiced anastomosis using the traditional gum pieces and silicone tubes. Then, all interns performed anastomosis on rat carotid arteries, and their performance was scored by a team of five experienced maxillofacial surgeons. The average success score and time required for anastomosis were compared between the two groups. The mean success score of group A was significantly higher than that of group B (0.83 ± 0.12 vs 0.64 ± 0.10, P < 0.001). The mean anastomosis time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B (10.2 ± 1.1 vs 17.2 ± 1.4 minutes, P < 0.001). This training device for vessel microanastomosis is an inexpensive, practical, and effective tool for use in laboratories and also reduces the use of animals. |
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| Keywords: | 3D printing microsurgery surgical anastomosis medical field training Hydrogels |
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