Effects of individualized dietary advice compared with conventional dietary advice for adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Health Science - Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina;4. Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, South Carolina;5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina;6. Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina |
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| Abstract: | Background and aimsTo investigate the superiority of individualized dietary advice based on dietary assessment for patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods and resultsA total of 136 Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized into either individualized or conventional dietary advice groups after dietary assessment using a self-administered brief-type diet history questionnaire. Both participants received three 30-min face-to-face dietary advice sessions by dietitians at 1, 3, and 5 months from study entry. The individualized group received dietary advice based on individual dietary intakes. The conventional group received dietary advice using generalized pamphlets. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c over 6 months, and secondary outcomes were changes in weight, serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and dietary intakes. In total, 126 participants were included in the analysis. After adjustment for age, sex, and baseline measurements, HbA1c significantly decreased larger in the individualized group ?1.1%, (95% CI: ?1.3 to ?0.8)] than the conventional group ?0.7% (95% CI: ?1.0 to ?0.4)] (P = 0.0495). The individualized group significantly decreased weight, serum triglyceride, and LDL-C, and significantly increased HDL-C, without a significant difference to the conventional group. In dietary changes, the individualized group decreased intakes of energy, confectioneries, meats, oil and fats, and sugar-sweetened beverages. The conventional group decreased alcohol intake and increased total fat and saturated fatty acid intakes.ConclusionsIndividualized dietary advice among patients with type 2 diabetes was superior to conventional dietary advice in lowering HbA1c.Trial registrationUMIN000037268 (https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm) in July 4, 2019. |
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