中学生人格偏离与父母养育方式及相关因素的研究

目的 :探讨北京城区中学生人格偏离的阳性率和分布状况 ,以及与父母养育方式等相关因素的关系。方法 :使用“人格诊断问卷”、“父母养育方式问卷”和“一般资料问卷” ,以现况研究整群抽样的方法调查北京市海淀区四所重点和非重点中学的学生共 114 8名。结果 :“人格诊断问卷”量表总均分为 2 3 94,轻度人格偏离阳性率为 14 3 % ,重度人格偏离阳性率为 3 7%。相关分析显示人格偏离得分与父母拒绝、过度保护因子呈正相关 ,而与父母情感温暖因子呈负相关。多重回归分析显示父母拒绝、过度保护、教育程度及单亲家庭等因素影响青少年人格偏离的发生。结论 :中学生人格偏离是值得重视的青少年心理发展问题 ,不良的父母养育方式、家庭环境和学校环境均是人格障碍形成的危险因素。

A Study of Personality Dysfunction and Parental Rearing Behavior and Related Factors

Objective: To explore the prevalence of personality dysfunction and its distribution among high school students in urban Beijing and the effect of parental rearing behavior and related factors on adolescent personality dysfunction Method: It was a cross-sectional study By means of cluster sampling, 1148 students in four key and non-key high schools in urban Beijing were investigated with Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-revised (PDQ-R), the Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) scale and the General Information Questionnaire Results: The mean of total PDQ-R score was 23 94 The prevalence of mild personality dysfunction was 14 3%, and that of serious personality dysfunction was 3 7% Correlation analysis showed that three clusters of personality disorder had positive correlation with parental rejection and overprotection, negative correlation with parental emotional warmth Multiple stepwise regression exhibited that parental rejection, overprotection, educational level and single-parent family influenced occurrence of personality dysfunction in adolescents Conclusions: Attention should be paid to personality dysfunction and other developmental problems in high school students Incorrect parental rearing behavior, poor family environment, and bad school environment are risk factors of personality dysfunction