柴胡总皂苷粗提取物对大鼠肝毒性损伤作用研究

目的观察长期、大量给予柴胡总皂苷粗提取物致大鼠肝毒性损伤的作用和程度。方法按45天毒性实验方法，除观察一般状况、肝毒性相关指标外，检测血和肝组织内脂质代谢情况、糖代谢、胆红素（TBIL）水平和肝组织病理检查。结果柴胡总皂苷粗提取物可导致血中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性增高，肝脏重量和肝体比值增大，血和肝内甘油三酯（TG）含量增加，对血中胆固醇（CHO）和肝内糖原（Gn）影响不明显，仅高剂量组对TBIL有影响；上述变化随剂量的增加而逐渐加重，病理组织学检查可见肝细胞损伤，与蒸馏水对照组相比有明显差异。结论长期给柴胡总皂苷粗提取物可致大鼠明显的肝毒性损伤，既可致肝功能指标的改变，又可致肝细胞器质性病变。

The Reseach of Hepatotoxicity Damage on Rats Caused by Crude Extracts of Total Saikosaponins

Objective To observe the effect and degree of the hepatotoxicity damage on rats after taking a large dose of crude extracts of total saikosaponins for a long time. Methods According to 45-day toxicity by experimental methods, besides the observation of the general situation and hepatical toxicity related index, to detect the metabolism condition of lipids, the glycometabolism, the level of TBIL, and the histopathologic examination of hepatic tissue. Results The crude extracts of total saikosaponins can induce the activity of ALT and AST in blood increasing, liver weight and the ratio of liver to body increasing, the content of TG in blood and liver increasing, the effect on CHO in blood and Gn in liver is not obvious, only high dose group is effective on TBIL; the above mentioned change gradually aggravates with dose increasing, the hepatic cell damage is obvious in the histopathologic of hepatic tissue, and it is the obvious discrepancy compared with distilled water control group. Conclusion The long-term administration of crude extracts of total saikosaponins to rats can induce obvious hepatotoxicity injury, it can not only cause the change of liver function index, but also the structural pathological changes of hepatic cell.