西藏昌都县卡若村饮茶型氟铝联合中毒调查

目的对西藏自治区开展饮茶型氟铝联合中毒病情调查。方法在无工业污染的西藏昌都县卡若镇卡若村进行流行病学调查、临床检查;采集砖茶、饮水、茶水(酥油茶)、尿、主食、副食、检测含氟量、含铝量,计算人均总摄氟量、总摄铝量和经砖茶摄氟量、摄铝量。结果8~12岁儿童12人,氟斑牙检出率为12.67%。临床检查成人34人,检出氟骨症19人(55.88%),重度2人(5.88%),为地方性氟中毒重病区。砖茶、饮水、砖茶饮料、主食、副食含氟量检测结果分别为(1 139.0±138.7)mg/kg、(0.09土O.02)mg/L、(3.68土1.44)mg/L、(2.66±1.39)mg/L,人均总摄氟量9.97 mg/d,其中经砖茶摄入9.30 mg/d,占总摄入量93.28%;含铝量分别为(3 888.5±474.1)mg/kg、(0.04±0.01)mg/L、(9.31士4.11)mg/L、(4.55±3.74)mg/L、人均总摄铝量41.50 mg/d。其中经砖茶摄入29.25 mg/d,占总摄入量70.48%。结论西藏昌都县卡若镇卡若村可能是饮茶型氟铝联合中毒。

Investigation of tea type aluminum and fluorine joint poisoning in Karuo Village of Changdu County in Tibet

Objective To investigate tea type aluminum and fluorine joint poisoning disease in Tibet Autonomous Region. Methods Epidemiological investigation and clinical examination were conducted in non- industrial pollution in Karuo Village in Changdu County,Tibet. Fluorine and aluminum contents in brick tea, drinking water ,buttered tea, urine, staple food, and non-staple food were detected. The per capita total fluorine and aluminum intake and the intake through brick tea were calculated. Results Of 12 children aged 8-12 years,the rate of fluorine spot tooth was 12.67 %. Among 34 adults undertaken clinical examination, 19 （55.88 % ） had skeletal fluorosis, and 2 were （5.88%） seriously ill, indicating this town had serious endemic fluorosis. The fluorine content in brick tea, drinking water,buttered tea,staple food, and non-staple food was （1 139± 138.7） mg/kg, （0.09±0.02） rag/L, （3.68 ±1.44） mg/L and （2.66±1.39） mg/L, respectively. The per capita total fluoride intake was 9.97 rag/d, the fluoride intake from brick tea was 9.30 mg/d, accounting for 93.28 % of the total intake. Aluminum content in brick tea,drinking water,buttered tea,staple food,and non-staple food was （3 888.5±474.1） mg/kg, （0.04-0.01） mg/L, （9.31-4.11） mg/L,and （4.55-3.74） mg/L. The per capita total aluminum intake was 41.50 mg/d, and the intake from brick tea was 29.25 mg/d, accounting for 70.48% of the total consumption. Gonclusion It is possible that Kanuo Village in Changdo County is an area with drinking tea type fluorine and aluminum joint poisoning.