丽江野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地分布范围的研究

目的研究丽江野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地分布范围、特征,主要宿主、媒介,探讨其规律,为鼠疫防治提供科学依据。方法运用流行病学方法对以5次发现疫情的鹿子村为中心的6个乡镇17个村委会71个村民小组展开调查,采集指示动物血清、啮齿类动物和媒介蚤标本,分离鼠疫杆菌和检测鼠疫F1抗体综合判定。结果判定目前丽江野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地范围约450 km。,为5个乡镇14个村委会49个村民小组。基本掌握了丽江以黄山南溪村委会鹿子村为中心的野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的范围、边界和安全边际。结论丽江野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的位置比较特殊,范围广泛,生态环境较为复杂。动物疫情处于异常活跃状态,开展鼠疫监测、灭鼠灭蚤以及加强疫情"三报",采取科学合理的防控措施,完全可以防止人间鼠疫的发生。

Study on the distribution range of wild rodents plague natural foci of Lijiang

Objective To investigate distribution range, characteristics, rule, major host, and media of wild rodents plague natural foci in Lijiang City,to provide scientific basis for plague prevention and control. Methods A total of 71 villager groups in 17 village committees of 6 towns around the Luzi Village where 5 plagues had occurred were investigated using epidemiological methods. Data of animal serum, rodent animal and flea specimens were collected. Yersinia pestis was isolated, and plague F1 antibody was detected. Results The current range of wild rodents plague natural foci was determined to be about 450 square kilometers, including 5 towns, 14 village committees and 49 villager groups. The basic information of range of plague loci,boundary,and the margin of safety around the Luzi Village was obtained. Conclusion Wild rodents plague natural foci in Lijiang were quite special, with a wide range, complex ecological environment, and active animal epidemic state. Effective monitoring and killing of rodents and fleas, timely notification of epidemic situation, and reasonable control measures, can help to prevent the occurrence of human plague.