三峡建坝后血吸虫病传播危险因素研究Ⅱ库区社会经济因素变化对血吸虫病传播的影响

目的了解三峡库区社会经济因素变化对血吸虫病传播的影响。方法采用流行病学、免疫学和社会医学相结合的方法，调查三峡库区流动人口、库区移民、家畜血吸虫病传染源和钉螺输入库区的潜在危险因素，以及建坝后社会经济发展变化对血吸虫病传播的潜在影响因素。结果三峡库区存在从血吸虫病疫区引进花草树木和牲畜，存在将钉螺和动物传染源带入库区的可能；流动人口中有31. 43%曾患过血吸虫病，37. 27%曾接触疫水，1.18%查出血吸虫病抗体阳性，流动人口将成为库区血吸虫病的主要传染源；库区的4大经济产业中，畜牧业、水产养殖业和旅游业均有可能造成传染源的输入。结论三峡库区社会经济发展变化将使库区成为血吸虫病的潜在流行区，应加强监测。

Study on the risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas Ⅱ Influence of the socioeconomic development on schistosomiasis transmission

Objective To understand the impacts of socioeconomic development on schistosomiasis transmission in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas(TGRA).MethodsApproaches including epidemiology,immunology and socio-medical survey were applied to investigate the potential risk factors which would involve the importation of infectious resources of the mobile and migrant population,and livestock,and the import of Oncomelania snails,and to explore the potential impact of the socioeconomic development on schistosomiasis transmission in the reservoir areas.ResultsIt is possible that snail and animal infectious resources will be introduced into TGRA by importing flowers,trees and livestock.Among the migrant population in the survey,31.43% had infected with schistosomiasis,37.27% had contacted with the infested water,and the positive rate of immunology tests was 1.18%.The migrant population will be the mainly infection source.Orange industry,travel industry,animal husbandry and fishery will develope preferentially in the future of TGRA.However,the development of animal husbandry,fishery and travel industry will increase the risk of the import of infection source and snails to TGRA.ConclusionsTGRA would become a potential schistosomiasis endemic areas since the changes of socioeconomic condition.We should insist on the surveillance and supervising to prevent the transmission of schistosomiasis in TGRA.