辐射工作者个人受照剂量与淋巴细胞微核的相关研究

目的 分析个人受照剂量对外周血淋巴细胞微核的影响，为采取有效措施，保护放射工作者健康提供科学依据。方法 连续6年对放射工作人员个人受照剂量进行监测，并检验淋巴细胞微核，分析两者相关规律。结果 放射组工作人员淋巴细胞微核细胞率、微核阳性检出率均显著高于对照组。乡镇医院组、工业探伤组显著高于市属医院组、县区医院组。淋巴细胞微核率、微核检出率与放射工龄呈曲线正相关关系（r=0．957，P〈0．01）；与个人年受照剂量呈直线正相关（r=0．996，P〈0．01）；与个人累积受照剂量呈直线正相关（r=0．996，P〈0．01）。结论 低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员细胞遗传学造成一定损伤，放射防护工作中必须重视减少电离辐射剂量。

Correlation Between Low - level Radiation Exposure and Peripheral Lymphocyte Micronucleus Rate in Exposed Radiologist

Objective To explore the effect of long-term low-level radiation exposure on peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus(PLM) rate among the radiologists. Methods The individual exposure levels were monitored by radiation exposure dosimeter among 598 radiologists from hospitals and enterprises in a period of 6 years,and their peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus rates were determined for assessment of exposure-response relationship. Results The PLM rate of the radiologists was significantly higher than that of control groups.Among the radiologists, the PLM rate of workers from industrial detection departments and town hospitals was higher than that of municipal hospitals.There was significant exposed dose-response relationship and a positive correlation was evident. Conclusion Long-term low-level radiation exposure can induce somatic genetic damage, and effective protective measures should be improved.