不同性别急性心肌梗死患者临床对比研究

目的 :探讨男、女性急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者临床特点的差别。方法 :对 390例急性心肌梗死的患者进行回顾性分析。结果 :在既往病史中 ,女性组糖尿病和高脂血症病史比例高于男性组 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ;男女组梗死部位比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;女性组血糖、血脂均高于男性组 (P <0 0 1) ;女性组心源性休克、心力衰竭、猝死的发生率及住院病死率均高于男性组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;在接受静脉溶栓治疗的男女患者中 ,男性年龄较女性提前 (P <0 0 1) ,男性溶栓再通率高于女性 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :糖尿病、高脂血症是女性AMI患者的危险因素 ,绝经后女性AMI发病率增高 ,并发症发生率及住院病死率均高于男性 ,静脉溶栓治疗效果较差 ,女性AMI患者近期预后较男性差。

A clinical research of men and women with acute myocardial infarction

Objective:To investigate the difference of the clinical character between men and women with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Methods:To analyse the clinical character of 390 cases with AMI Results: The rate of diabetes and hyperlipldemia history in women group was significantly higher than those in men group ( P <0 05, P <0 01);The area of infarction in two groups was not significantly different ( P >0 05);Blood sugar,cholesterol and triglyceride in women group were higher than those in men group ( P <0 01);Complications of AMI and hospital mortality in women group were higher than those in men group ( P <0 05);The age of women was older than that of men treated with intravenous thrombolysis therapy ( P <0 01) The reperfusion rate of IRA in men group was significantly higher than that in women group ( P <0 01) Conclusion:Diabetes and Hyperlipldemia are risk factors in women with AMI The incidence of complications and hospital mortality of AMI in women over 55 years old are higher than those in men This study shows that AMI patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis therapy get a beneficial effect in the early term prognosis,which is more obvious in men than in women